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Maternal Mortality in India: Preventive Strategies for Mothers and Children

Explore preventive measures in obstetrics and pediatrics to reduce maternal mortality and improve child health in vulnerable populations. Learn about MCH services and interventions, antenatal care, and the importance of addressing MCH problems.

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Maternal Mortality in India: Preventive Strategies for Mothers and Children

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  1. Dying to give birth

  2. Maternal Mortality: 5 women in India die every minute during child birth Can it be prevented???? How??

  3. Preventive Medicine in Obstetrics, Pediatrics and Geriatrics

  4. Background • Comprise 71% of population (India: 57%) • Half of the deaths are occurring among children in the first five years • Vulnerable or special risk group • Child bearing • Growth, development and survival • Under five mortality • Health of mothers and children • Health of general population • MCH services

  5. Mother and Child : One Unit • Antenatal period • Healthy mother : Healthy Baby • TORCH infections • EBF • Postpartum care and neonatal care and family planning • First Teacher

  6. Under Five Clinic

  7. Terminologies • Community Obstetrics: Integration of obstetrics with primary health care • Social Obstetrics • Preventive Pediatrics: Care of children from conception to adolescence: Antenatal and Postnatal • Social Pediatrics • RMNCH+A: Continuum of care across life cycle

  8. MCH Problems • Developed & Developing countries • MCH problems Triad: • Malnutrition • Infection • Uncontrolled Reproduction

  9. Maternal Malnutrition • Malnutrition : Iceberg • Adverse effects: LBW, Anemia, Toxemia of pregnancy, PPH • Birth weight and child mortality: Inverse relation • Weaning initiation period • Interventions: • Direct • Indirect

  10. Infection • TORCH • ADD, URTI & Skin infections • Recurrent infections: PEM & Anemia • Interventions: Cultural and Direct

  11. Uncontrolled Reproduction • Family life education in schools • Role of field workers • Social marketing • Door delivery of contraceptives • Cafetaria approach • GATHER

  12. Nischaya kits: Urine pregnancy test kits offered to women to facilitate early detection of pregnancy and availing antenatal care at an early stage Nischaya vs Nikshaya

  13. Interim Review • Community Obstetrics • Social Obstetrics • Social Paediatrics • Under five clinic components • MCH Problems: Triad of: 6. Pregnancy detection:

  14. Maternal and child health • Maternal health • Child health • Family planning • School health • Handicapped children • Adolescence

  15. Objectives of MCH • Reduction of maternal, perinatal, infant and childhood mortality and morbidity • Promotion of reproductive health • Promotion of physical and psychological development of child and adolescent within the family • Lifelong health

  16. Antenatal Care • Promote, protect and maintain the health of mother during pregnancy • Detect high risk cases • Foresee complications and prevent them • Remove anxiety • Reduce maternal and infant mortality and morbidity • Teach mother elements of child care and nutrition • Sensitize mother regarding FP • Attend to under-fives accompanying the mother

  17. Estimate the number of pregnancies in a specified area: Need: - Registration and identify missing number - Ensure adequate stock

  18. Number of expected pregnancies per year: Expected number of live births (A)= Birth rate per 1000 population× Area population 1000 Correction factor (B): 10% of (A) Total number of live births= A + B

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