BK21

1. BK21 BK21 Brain Korea 21 2007. 1. BK21ᆞNURI COMMITTEE (Performance Management Division)

2. Contents Understanding Brain Korea 21(BK21) I Achievements of First Phase of BK21 II Second Phase of BK21 III

3. Understanding BK21 I 1. What is BK21? BK21 is an intensive higher education level HRD program which provides substantial financial support for master’s, doctoral and post-doctoral researchers. It aims to foster world-class research universities and produce top-notch human resources. By supporting teams at graduate department level, it aims to improve their teaching and research competency, leading to fostering world-class research universities Continuous investment in HE level - 1st Phase(1999~2005) : $1,300 Million - 2nd Phase(2006~2012) : $2,030 Million

4. Understanding BK21 I 2. Background Social and economical context in the late 90s Redundancy and early retirement due to financial crisis Educational context in the late 90s Distortion of primary and secondary education due to over-competition for entering the high class universities Context of graduate level education in the late 90s • Poor course work programs at graduate schools • Low international competitiveness – Ranked in 47/47 countries (IMD ’99) Strategic Approach for quality HRD

5. Understanding BK21 I 3. Main focus in each phase 1st phase 2nd phase ■ Encouraging good researchers to go to good educational and research centers – Establishing HE level HRD system ■ Normalization of HE and fostering good infrastructure for better education and research – Reduction of university student quota, open recruitment, encouraging competitive research situation ■ Encouraging good researchers to go to good educational and research centers – Competitive HRD system through exclusion-admission ■ Fostering specialization of graduate schools and encouraging competitive research situation – Innovating evaluation and management system, strengthening the principle of selection and concentration ■ Emphasizing industry-university collaboration, globalization and balanced development of the nation Where to go! To get ‘BK doctoral degree’ internationally recognized, overseas students from advanced countries generalized and maintain equilibrium between incomings and outgoings in study abroad To encourage university lecturers to work in research-centered universities (BK 21 teams) and create competitive research atmosphere Outsourcing BK21 teams except for core technology in industries or research institutes and preferring employing BK21 doctors

6. Achievements of First Phase of BK21 II 1. Overview Program duration : 1999~2005(7 years) Total investment $200million per year, $1.3billion in total Teams : 564 teams Contents of support ▶Graduate students ▶New researchers ▶International cooperation

7. Achievements of First Phase of BK21 II 2. Achievements(1) Promising young researchers were provided with a stable and enriching environment of education and research ▶Doctors’ jobs in science and technology (’99~’05, 6,639)

8. Achievements of First Phase of BK21 II 2. Achievement(2) Graduate school students gained confidence and experienced a variety of culture through oversea training ▶ long-term training 2,800, short-term training 56,700, Invitation of great scholars from other countries 6,000 (’99~’05) Systemization of research-centered university ▶ reduction of undergraduate student number, open recruitment of graduate schools, M&A in similar departments, central control of research budget ※ Reduction of undergraduate Ss number in SNU 1,650 : 4,910 (’99)→3,990 (’02)→3,260 (’06) ※ Open recruitment of graduate schools in SNU 12 science technology teams, Ss from other universities at graduate levels: 28.7%(’99)→61.2%(’02)→55.9%(’06)

9. Achievements of First Phase of BK21 II 2. Achievement (3) Research articles in science-technology at SCI level supported by BK21 : 3,765(’98)→7,281(’05) ▶ National rank in SCI : 9,444 (’98, 18th)→23,515 (’05, 12th) SCI Impact Factor in science-technology * increase of participants (university lecturers and new researchers) *Impact Factor : The average number of citation in other articles for the last recent 2 years except for the year when the research article was published Articles by BK 21 teams compared to non-BK21 teams (00~’04) Non-BK21 BK21 Source) KISTEP (2005), 『A study on SCI DB』

10. Achievements of First Phase of BK21 II Reference : Global evaluation of BK21 ① Report by Deutsche Bank Research (’05.8) Human Capital is the Key to Growth: Success stories and policies for 2020 - It assesses BK21 as having “successfully produced the next generation of world class leaders in core future technology areas by upgrading the research infrastructure and graduate- level training. ② U.S.A, 『The Chronicle of Higher Education(’04.7)』 ”South Korean universities were little noticed in the world of scientific research a decade ago, but the country’s top research institutions are publishing scientific papers and producing patents”. It analyzes that a great part of the success comes from the education ministry’s concentration of financial support for excellent research universities through the BK21.

11. Second Phase of BK21 III 1. Overview • Duration and total investment • - 2006~2012(7years) • $290million per year, $2.03billion in total • Contents of support

12. Second Phase of BK21 III 2. Background To accelerate the stabilization of a research-oriented higher education system based on the achievements of the 1st phase of BK21 To meet the need for nurturing qualified human resources in strategic areas that will lead to the production of national wealth in the future To meet the call for providing graduate research students with increasedpersonnel fees

13. Second Phase of BK21 III 3. Vision Stronger Korea with Enhanced Human Capital Human & Knowledge-led development strategies Human resources of world class research competency “Research universities in the world’s top ten in core areas” Develop world class research groups Provide infrastructure for better education and research Nurture regional graduate schools leading local innovation ◆ Nurture Core manpower In strategic technologies ◆ Cultivate next generation researchers ◆ Build infrastructure for research universities ◆ Establish an industry-oriented HRD system through increased industry-academia collaboration ◆ Specialize and enhance the research competency of regional graduate schools ◆ Develop regional R&D personnel clusters

14. Second Phase of BK21 III 4. Goals To support over 20,000 master’s and doctoral researchers of excellence per year starting 2006 ▶ national level 15,000, local level 5,500명 per year To nurture ten world class research universities in key fields by the year 2012 ▶ Aims to rank in the world top ten in SCI-level articles (12th in 2005) To promote the transfer of knowledge from universities to industries and join the ranks of the world’s top ten (21st in 2005, IMD) ▶ Transfer knowledge from universities to industries : 10%(’04)→20%(’12)

15. Second Phase of BK21 III 5. Direction To facilitate the specialization of graduate schools To strengthen the industry-academia collaboration by boosting the private sector’s input and placing weight on development indices To innovate the evaluation system through permanent review body composed of expert evaluators To stress the principle of selection and concentration To produce synergy effect through close link of other HRD and R&D programs To ensure balanced regional growth by introducing a new ‘Regional Graduate School of Excellence’

16. Second Phase of BK21 III 6. Support ※ No. of total graduate students vs. those supported by BK21

17. Second Phase of BK21 III 7. Evaluation(1) Basic direction ▶ To employ MBO ▶ To conduct self-evaluation by commissioning external review bodies ▶ On the basis of the evaluation results, universities will be subject to a follow-up system of ‘exclusion →admission’ ▶ A comprehensive information system will accumulate data in each program, while legal framework ha been established for program evaluation and management

18. Second Phase of BK21 III 7. Evaluation(2) Evaluation format ▶ Annual evaluation in 2007, 2009, 2010 - To check universities goal management and financial administration on a yearly basis so as to ensure that they are performing as contracted ▶ Mid-term evaluation in 2008, 2011 - Annual evaluation will be accumulated in a mid-term evaluation of performance ▶ Final evaluation in 2012 - Six years of performance will be evaluated comprehensively, based on the results of the annual and mid-term evaluations

19. “If a country nurtures human resources well, they lead the country to growth.” Thank You!