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Explore 5 ways to increase water availability sustainably, such as building more dams, using groundwater, transferring water, desalination, and conservation. Learn about Texas' Colorado River and its impact on water supply.
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Welcome! Please get out your thinking map homework Please read the board
5 Ways to increase water availability • Build more dams – trap it upstream • Use more groundwater • Transfer water – pipe it long distances • Desalinate water – take the salt out of sea water • Reverse osmosis • Distillation – boiling, then trapping the fresh steam • Conserve water
5 Ways to increase water availability (sustainably?????) • Build more dams – trap it upstream • Use more groundwater • Transfer water – pipe it long distances • Desalinate water – take the salt out of sea water • Reverse osmosis • Distillation – boiling, then trapping the fresh steam • Conserve water
Three Gorges Dam • Yangtze River, China • One of the world’s largest power plants • Displaced 1.3 million people and flooded cultural/archeological sites • Controls flooding downstream
Disadvantages Dams Advantages
Use more Groundwater – Ogallala Advantages Disadvantages
Desalination Well, DUH!!!!
Desalination in Tejas • City of Seminole Project • Cost: $1, 625, 000 • Desalinating brackish groundwater from Dockum Aquifer using wind-power.
CONSERVATION!!!!! Too much to say! We’ll save it for Friday!
Two major topics: • Water SUPPLY • Water POLLUTANTS
Have you ever been in a place where you can’t drink the water? clean water
Pollutant of the Day! • Pathogens
World Health Organization Statistics: Concerns: Improvements: • 2.6 billion people do not have adequately clean water • rural habitants are 5 times less likely to use improved drinking water than those in urban centers. • 84% of the population in developing regions are using an improved source; • in 2000, 1 billion more people used such a source than in 1990.
UN-Water Decade Programme on Advocacy and Communication • One out of four urban dwellers does not have access to improved sanitation facilities. • 90% of all waste water in developing countries is discharged untreated, polluting rivers, lakes and seas. • Every day, 2 million tons of sewage and other effluents drain into the world's waters
Lake Conroe and Lake Houston: • E. Coli bacteria – double the limit set by state
Other Bacterial pathogens • Typhoid – diarrhea, severe vomiting, inflamed intestines • Cholera – diarrhea, severe vomiting • Dysentery – diarrhea, usually only fatal in infants
'Fiery serpent' ... A guinea worm emerges from the leg of a south Sudanese girl. (Reuters: Skye Wheeler, file photo)
How are all of these passed on? • Overloaded sewage treatment plants • Direct dumping of sewage in communities • Lack of water treatment plants
LifeStraw Swiss-based Vestergaard Frandsen for tourists and people living in developing nations. There are several models of the product: LifeStraw Personal filters a minimum of 700 litres of water, enough for one person and one year. LifeStraw Family filters a minimum of 18,000 litres of water, providing safe drinking water for a family for more than two years. It removes 99.9999% of waterborne bacteria, 99.99% of viruses, and 99.9% of parasites. LifeStraw Personal kills 99.9999% of waterborne bacteria and 98.5% of viruses.
Two types of sources • point sources – specific location that can be identified • nonpoint sources – spread out, may not be easy to identify.
Storm drains Carry water from streets to local bayou/water way The drain is just for rain!
