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Learning to Be Good

Learning to Be Good. Moral Development. Runaway Trolley!.

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Learning to Be Good

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  1. Learning to Be Good Moral Development

  2. Runaway Trolley! A runaway trolley is coming down the track. It is headed towards five people who cannot get out of its way. A passerby realizes that he can save the five by throwing a switch and diverting the trolley down a siding, but he also realizes that if he does so, the trolley will kill a lone man standing on the siding. http://tomkow.typepad.com/tomkowcom/trolley_problem/

  3. Should you divert the trolley?

  4. Runaway Trolley! A runaway trolley is coming down the track. It is headed towards five people who cannot get out of its way. A passerby realizes that if he pushes a nearby fat man onto the tracks his bulk will stop the trolley before it hits the five, though the fat man himself will be killed. http://tomkow.typepad.com/tomkowcom/trolley_problem/

  5. Should you divert the trolley?

  6. Evidence • 90% say pulling the switch is admissible. • 10% say pushing the man is admissible. • Why? • More permissible to inflict harm as a side-effect of achieving a goal than as a means to achieving a goal

  7. Kohlberg’s Stage of Moral Development • Pre-Conventional Morality • Conventional Morality • Post-Conventional Morality

  8. Pre-Conventional Morality • 0-9 years old • See rules as fixed and absolute • Decision based on consequences • “Will I be punished?” • Actions good if rewarded, bad if punished

  9. Conventional Morality • Adolescence to adulthood • “Good-boy, Good-girl” Stage • Emphasis on being “nice” and behaving in a “good” way • Decisions based on conformity to rules and laws • Based on wanting to please • Act “good” because they demonstrate love, empathy, trust, and concern for others

  10. Post-Conventional Morality • Some adults • Decisions based on internalized principles of fairness, justice, truth • Reject rules /laws if believed they are bad rules/laws • Martin Luther King, Mahatma Ghandi, Susan B. Anthony • Rules of law are important for maintaining a society, but members of the society should agree upon these standards.

  11. Waterboarding?

  12. But… “We can reach high levels of moral reasoning, and still behave like scoundrels.” --Thomas Lickona (1983)

  13. Parenting

  14. Power Assertion

  15. Permissive

  16. Authoritative

  17. Authoritarian

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