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Launch in orbit of the space experiment PAMELA and ground data results

Launch in orbit of the space experiment PAMELA and ground data results. Roberta Sparvoli on behalf of the PAMELA Collaboration. Outline of the talk. Scientific goals Apparatus overview & satellite Ground data Status of the mission Conclusions. PAMELA Collaboration. Russia:. Italy:.

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Launch in orbit of the space experiment PAMELA and ground data results

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  1. Launch in orbit of the space experimentPAMELAand ground data results Roberta Sparvolion behalf of the PAMELA Collaboration

  2. Outline of the talk • Scientific goals • Apparatus overview & satellite • Ground data • Status of the mission • Conclusions R. Sparvoli - 9th ICATPP Conference - Villa Olmo - October 2005

  3. PAMELA Collaboration Russia: Italy: Naples CNR, Florence Bari Florence Frascati Rome Trieste USA: Moscow St. Petersburg GSFC India: NMSU Germany: Sweden: Mumbai Siegen KTH, Stockholm R. Sparvoli - 9th ICATPP Conference - Villa Olmo - October 2005

  4. PAMELA will: • Search for antimatter • Search for dark matter • Study cosmic-ray propagation • Study solar physics and solar modulation • Study the electron spectrum (local sources?) PAMELA Science R. Sparvoli - 9th ICATPP Conference - Villa Olmo - October 2005

  5. PAMELA will explore: • Antiproton flux 80 MeV - 190 GeV • Positron flux 50 MeV – 270 GeV • Electron flux up to 400 GeV • Proton flux up to 700 GeV • Electron/positron flux up to 2 TeV • Light nuclei (up to Z=6) up to 200 GeV/n • Light isotopes (D, 3He) up to 1 GeV/n • Antinuclei search (sensitivity better than 10-7 in He/He) + • Long-term monitoring of the solar modulation of cosmic rays • Energetic particles from the Sun (e+) • High-energy particles in the Earth magnetosphere PAMELA Capabilities R. Sparvoli - 9th ICATPP Conference - Villa Olmo - October 2005

  6. Cosmic-ray antiparticle measurements: antiprotons Unexplored Region Primary production from  annihilation (m() = 964 GeV) Black Holes Dark matter Secondary production (upper and lower limits) Simon et al. Extragalactic Primordial p Charge dependent modulation effects Dark matter Propagation Secondary production (CAPRICE94-based) Bergström et al. PAMELAenergy range R. Sparvoli - 9th ICATPP Conference - Villa Olmo - October 2005

  7. Cosmic-ray antiparticle measurements: positrons Secondary production ‘Moskalenko + Strong model’ (1998) without reacceleration Unexplored Region Secondary production ‘Leaky box model’ (Protheroe 1982) Charge dependent modulation effects Propagation Dark matter Primary production from  annihilation (m() = 336 GeV) PAMELAenergy range R. Sparvoli - 9th ICATPP Conference - Villa Olmo - October 2005

  8. Cosmic-ray Antimatter Search R. Sparvoli - 9th ICATPP Conference - Villa Olmo - October 2005

  9. The Satellite Resurs-DK1 • Built by the space factory TsSKB in Samara (Russia) • Soyuz-TM launcher from Bajkonur (also from TsSKB) • PAMELA mounted inside aPressurized Container, attached to the satellite • Lifetime >3 years R. Sparvoli - 9th ICATPP Conference - Villa Olmo - October 2005

  10. Orbit characteristics quasi-polar (70.4°) elliptical (300÷600 km) SAA R. Sparvoli - 9th ICATPP Conference - Villa Olmo - October 2005

  11. Main antenna in NTsOMZ Scheme of PAMELA control room in NTsOMZ Ground station(s) • Main Station:Research Centre for Earth operative monitoring “NtsOMZ” (Moscow, Russia); • Additional Station:Khanty-Mansiisk (Siberia, Russia). Not yet officially established. R. Sparvoli - 9th ICATPP Conference - Villa Olmo - October 2005

  12. TOF (see next talk S. Russo) Anticoincidence Shield Magnetic Spectrometer PAMELA CPU (see next talk A. Basili) Calorimeter Shower Tail Catcher Scintillator (see next talk V. Malvezzi) Neutron Detector (see next talk V. Malvezzi) PAMELA prior delivery to Russia (March 2005) The PAMELA apparatus R. Sparvoli - 9th ICATPP Conference - Villa Olmo - October 2005

  13. Spatial Resolution •  2.8 μm bending view •  13.1 μm non-bending view • MDR from test beam data  1 TV • Calorimeter Performances: • p/e+ selection eff.  90% • p rejection factor  105 • e- rejection factor  104 ND p/e separation capabilities >10 above 10 GeV/c, increasing with energy The PAMELA apparatus GF ~20.5 cm2sr Mass: 470 kg Size: 120x40x45 cm3 Power Budget: 360 W R. Sparvoli - 9th ICATPP Conference - Villa Olmo - October 2005

  14. Ground data sessions • We had so far two main sessions of cosmic ray acquisitions on ground: • Rome– Tor Vergata University clean room: February/March 2005 • Samara– Progress clean area: May 2005 • Number of files downlinked in Rome: 311in about480 hoursof data taking • Number of files downlinked in Samara: 113in about140 hoursof data taking R. Sparvoli - 9th ICATPP Conference - Villa Olmo - October 2005

  15. Ground data performance analysis • The main task of the ground data acquisition is the analysis of the detector performance. • The statistics collected allowed to make an accurate analysis of the performance of the single PAMELA subdetectors, determining in some cases sub-system resolutions and efficiencies. • The comparison between Rome, Samara and previous beam-test data allowed to study PAMELA behavior with time, so to detect possible failures due to ageing of some structures. R. Sparvoli - 9th ICATPP Conference - Villa Olmo - October 2005

  16. PAMELA Event Ground Muon: 2.8 GV R. Sparvoli - 9th ICATPP Conference - Villa Olmo - October 2005

  17. PAMELA Event Ground Hadron: 6.6 GV R. Sparvoli - 9th ICATPP Conference - Villa Olmo - October 2005

  18. PAMELA Event Calorimeter Self Trigger GF: 400 cm2 sr R. Sparvoli - 9th ICATPP Conference - Villa Olmo - October 2005

  19. Preliminary! Preliminary! Ground muon results Final data ready by the end of 2005 ! R. Sparvoli - 9th ICATPP Conference - Villa Olmo - October 2005

  20. FM SPS, September 2003 SPS, July 2000 Magnet/Tracker, Calorimeter SPS, July 2002 PAMELA Status Detectors tested at PS/SPS test facilities as prototypes and in FM configuration R. Sparvoli - 9th ICATPP Conference - Villa Olmo - October 2005

  21. PAMELA Status Detectors tested at PS/SPS test facilities as prototypes and in FM configuration PAMELAMass&Thermal Model qualified, March-May 2003 PAMELA Mass&Thermal Model inside Pamela Pressurized Container at TsSKB Samara/Russia R. Sparvoli - 9th ICATPP Conference - Villa Olmo - October 2005

  22. PAMELA Status Detectors tested at PS/SPS test facilities as prototypes and in FM configuration PAMELAMass&Termal Model qualified, March-May 2003 PAMELA Thermal Model passed thermal tests at TsSKB Thermal/Vacuum Chamber R. Sparvoli - 9th ICATPP Conference - Villa Olmo - October 2005

  23. Detectors tested at PS/SPS test facilities as prototypes and in FM configuration PAMELAMass&Thermal Model qualified, March-May 2003 PAMELA Technological Model completed and delivered to Russia,December 2003 PAMELA Status PAMELA Technological Model inside the Transport Container before delivery to Samara R. Sparvoli - 9th ICATPP Conference - Villa Olmo - October 2005

  24. Detectors tested at PS/SPS test facilities as prototypes and in FM configuration PAMELA Mass&Thermal Model qualified, March-May 2003 PAMELA Technological Model completed and delivered to Russia,December 2003 PAMELA Status PAMELA Flight Model assembled in Rome TV clean room, 2004-2005 Assembling phases of PAMELA in Roma Tor Vergata clean room R. Sparvoli - 9th ICATPP Conference - Villa Olmo - October 2005

  25. Detectors tested at PS/SPS test facilities as prototypes and in FM configuration PAMELAMass&Thermal Model qualified, March-May 2003 PAMELA Technological Model completed and delivered to Russia,December 2003 PAMELA Flight Model assembled in Rome TV clean room, 2004-2005 Full cycle of vibration/shock of the Flight Model passed at IABG/Munich, January 2005 PAMELA Status PAMELA Flight Model on the shaker in IABG R. Sparvoli - 9th ICATPP Conference - Villa Olmo - October 2005

  26. Detectors tested at PS/SPS test facilities as prototypes and in FM configuration PAMELAMass&Thermal Model qualified, March-May 2003 PAMELA Technological Model completed and delivered to Russia,December 2003 PAMELA Flight Model assembled in Rome TV clean room, 2004-2005 Antonov 72 in Genoa airport Full cycle of vibration/shock of the Flight Model passed at IABG/Munich, January 2005 PAMELA onboard during flight PAMELA Flight Model delivered to Russia, April 2005 PAMELA Status R. Sparvoli - 9th ICATPP Conference - Villa Olmo - October 2005

  27. Detectors tested at PS/SPS test facilities as prototypes and in FM configuration PAMELAMass&Thermal Model qualified, March-May 2003 PAMELA Technological Model completed and delivered to Russia,December 2003 PAMELA Flight Model assembled in Rome TV clean room, 2004-2005 Full cycle of vibration/shock of the Flight Model passed at IABG/Munich, January 2005 PAMELA Flight Model delivered to Russia, April 2005 PAMELA Status Reopening of PAMELA Flight Model in TsSKB R. Sparvoli - 9th ICATPP Conference - Villa Olmo - October 2005

  28. Detectors tested at PS/SPS test facilities as prototypes and in FM configuration PAMELAMass&Thermal Model qualified, March-May 2003 PAMELA Technological Model completed and delivered to Russia,December 2003 PAMELA Flight Model assembled in Rome TV clean room, 2004-2005 Full cycle of vibration/shock of the Flight Model passed at IABG/Munich, January 2005 PAMELA Status PAMELA Status PAMELA Flight Model delivered to Russia, April 2005 PAMELA Pressurized container tested with Resurs-DK1 Satellite, June 2005 Tests of PAMELA Pressurized Container tilting mechanism R. Sparvoli - 9th ICATPP Conference - Villa Olmo - October 2005

  29. Detectors tested at PS/SPS test facilities as prototypes and in FM configuration PAMELAMass&Thermal Model qualified, March-May 2003 PAMELA Technological Model completed and delivered to Russia,December 2003 PAMELA Flight Model assembled in Rome TV clean room, 2004-2005 Full cycle of vibration/shock of the Flight Model passed at IABG/Munich, January 2005 PAMELA Flight Model delivered to Russia, April 2005 PAMELA Pressurized container tested with Resurs-DK1 Satellite, June 2005 Ongoing tests on Resurs-DK1 Satellite PAMELA Status PAMELA Status Antennas of Resurs_DK1 R. Sparvoli - 9th ICATPP Conference - Villa Olmo - October 2005

  30. Detectors tested at PS/SPS test facilities as prototypes and in FM configuration PAMELAMass&Thermal Model qualified, March-May 2003 PAMELA Technological Model completed and delivered to Russia,December 2003 PAMELA Flight Model assembled in Rome TV clean room, 2004-2005 Full cycle of vibration/shock of the Flight Model passed at IABG/Munich, January 2005 PAMELA Flight Model delivered to Russia, April 2005 PAMELA Pressurized container tested with Resurs-DK1 Satellite, June 2005 Ongoing tests on Resurs-DK1 Satellite PAMELA Status Resurs_DK1 on the shaker R. Sparvoli - 9th ICATPP Conference - Villa Olmo - October 2005

  31. Integration in Bajkonur cosmodrome, December 2005 R. Sparvoli - 9th ICATPP Conference - Villa Olmo - October 2005

  32. Conclusions I • PAMELA is the first space experiment which will measure Antiprotons and Positrons to high energies (≥ 200GeV) with an unprecedented statistical precision; • PAMELA will set a new lower limit for finding Antihelium; • PAMELA will look for Dark Matter candidates; • PAMELA will provide measurements on elemental spectra and low mass isotopes with an unprecedented statistical precision and will help to improve the understanding of particle propagation in the interstellar medium; • PAMELA will be able to measure the high energy tail of solar spectra and for the first time solar positrons. R. Sparvoli - 9th ICATPP Conference - Villa Olmo - October 2005

  33. Conclusions II • Pamela has been delivered to Russia at the end of March 2005; • PAMELA has collected ground cosmic-rays for various months at the laboratories of Rome Tor Vergata and at the Samara TsSKB-Progress factory; • All detectors are performing as designed and PAMELA seems able to achieve its scientific goals; • Right now PAMELA is undergoing the integrations tests with the Resurs-DK1 satellite in Samara; • By mid November 2005 PAMELA will be delivered to Bajkonur for the launch into orbit foreseen for beginning 2006 ! R. Sparvoli - 9th ICATPP Conference - Villa Olmo - October 2005

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