Virginia Tech Biological Systems Engineering 2013 DEQ TMDL Workshop

1. Session 13b:Pollutant Source Characterization – Permitted Sources Virginia Tech Biological Systems Engineering 2013 DEQ TMDL Workshop

2. Overview/Objectives • Permitted Sources – Identify the permitted sources typically considered in bacteria TMDL development • Pollutant Source Characterization - Understand the steps taken to characterize the permitted sources • Pollutant Source Depiction – Recognize the simulation of permitted sources in an HSPF model

3. Permitted Sources

4. Pollutant Source Identification Identify Sources (Point/ Non-point) Inventory sources Quantify discharge and application rates Distribute loads over space and time Input to model

5. Point Sources • Any discernable, confined and discrete conveyance, including but not limited to any pipe, ditch, channel, tunnel, conduit, well, discrete fissure, container, rolling stock, concentrated animal feeding operation, or vessel or other floating craft from which pollutants are or may be discharged. (Water Quality Act 1987). • Point sources are statutorily defined

6. Permitted Point Sources – Bacteria TMDL • Sources - VPDES • Individual VPDES* • VPDES General Permits* • Future Growth* • CAFOs • Open Communication • Within DEQ • With the Contractor * Included in WLATotal Table

7. Runoff from solid waste disposal sites Wastewater effluent Runoff from Concentrated Livestock operations Industrial discharges

8. Diffuse (or Nonpoint) Sources • Diffuse Sources: Sources that are dispersed in nature and are not discharged from a few localized points as described in the definition of Point Sources. • Nonpoint Sources: Essentially any diffuse pollution sources that are not statutory (defined by law) point sources of pollution.

9. Permitted Nonpoint Sources • Sources VPDES • MS4s* • VPA Permits • Animal Feeding Operations • Biosolids • Poultry Litter • Open Communication • Within DEQ • With the Contractor * Included in WLATotal Table

10. Pollutant Source Characterization

11. Pollutant Source Characterization Identify Sources (Point/ Non-point) Inventory sources Quantify discharge and application rates Distribute loads over space and time Input to model

12. Characterization of Permitted Bacteria Sources • Permitted Point Sources • Permitted Nonpoint Sources • Data - Permits, DMRs, Field Reports, etc. • Historical data and permits • Design conditions • Coordination with TMDL Project Manager, Stormwater, and Permitting Staff • Watershed Visits and Contacts

13. Data Resources - Bacteria Point Sources • DEQ • VPDES permits • Municipal and industrial • Domestic • CAFOs • Water quality monitoring data – DMRs, etc. • Sewer overflows • Other Sources • Municipal Permittees (e.g. CSO)

14. Data Resources – Bacteria Non-Point Sources • DEQ • MS4 Permits • Boundaries • “Any data from the permit holder should be reviewed and approved by DEQ storm water staff”. • VPA permits & monitoring • Biosolids • Poultry • AFOs

15. Individual VPDES • DRAFT DEQ TMDL WLA Procedures Guidance • Calibration: • WLA Permits & DMR data • Historical and active permits • Allocation: • Permit discharge limits • Permitting staff input as needed • WLA is product of design flow and geometric mean water quality criterion (126 cfu/100 ml)

16. VPDES General Permit Inventories • Single Family Domestic Sewage • 1,000 gpd or less • Discharge at geometric mean water quality criterion for WLA • Simulated during allocation only

17. MS4s • DRAFT DEQ TMDL WLA Procedures Guidance • Determined using the TMDL model • Includes reductions set during allocation • Considers future growth • Lumped – can break out if feasible • Determine MS4 areas from available data • Load determined by modeling accumulation & wash-off on transitional and impervious LUs

18. CAFO/AFO • Typically No WLA • Similar to BSLC discussion • For individual animal types • Daily waste production (gm/head-day or gm/AU-day) • FC density (count or cfu/gm) • Daily FC Produced (cfu/head-day) • Data Sources • Permit • Published research • Site-specific sample analysis • MidWest Plan Service • Previous TMDLs

19. Biosolids • Permit & application data • Application rate and field area/location • Historical data used for calibration & establishing future conditions • Future conditions are conservative - cumulative • No WLA

20. Future Growth • DRAFT DEQ TMDL WLA Procedures Guidance • Undesignated WLA to account for growth • In form of point load at impairment outlet • 1% of TMDL, 2% of TMDL, or other (BPJ) • Accompanying flow calculated using geometric mean water quality criterion

21. Pollutant Source Simulation

22. Pollutant Source Simulation Identify Sources (Point/ Non-point) Inventory sources Quantify discharge and application rates Distribute loads over space and time Input to model

23. Matrices for Permitted Bacteria Sources VPDES Individual VPDES General Animal Feeding Operations MS4s Biosolids Future Growth MODEL

24. Simulation of VPDES-Permitted Sources 1 2 3 4 • Existing Conditions • EXT SOURCES Block • Observed Data Permitted Industry, Inc. • Discharge • Withdrawal

25. Simulation of VPDES-Permitted Sources 1 2 3 4 • Future Conditions • Add VPDES General Permit • NETWORK Block • Design Flow • Geo Mean Standard • Withdrawal in EXT SOURCES Block Unchanged Single Family Home • Discharge Permitted Industry, Inc. • Discharge • Withdrawal

26. Simulation of VPA Source (Biosolids) 1 2 3 4 Biosolids • Land-Applied • Cropland • Observed Data • Area - SCHEMATIC Block

27. Future Growth WLA TMDL = WLAtotal + LA + MOS WLAtotal = WLAPermitX + WLAPermitY + WLAAggregated MS4s + WLAFG Source: DRAFT DEQ TMDL WLA Procedures Guidance Memo Appendix A

28. Future Growth Implementation 1 2 3 4 • Determine & Calculate WLAFG as % of TMDL • Calculate flow based on load and Geo Mean Std. • “Dummy” discharges at Impairment outlets • Network Block Better Run WLAFG Dirty River WLAFG

29. Questions?