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Oracle Recovery Manager (RMAN) 10 g : Reloaded

Learn about Oracle's Recovery Manager (RMAN) and its features for automatic disk-based recovery, optimized incremental backups, and incrementally updated backups. Discover how RMAN improves backup and recovery processes while minimizing backup windows. Explore the benefits of using a Flash Recovery Area and the advantages of using a Change Tracking File. See how RMAN simplifies database administrator tasks and provides faster and more reliable backup and restore operations.

matthew-holland
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Oracle Recovery Manager (RMAN) 10 g : Reloaded

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  1. Oracle Recovery Manager (RMAN) 10g : Reloaded Boris Gurov Support Engineer Oracle Bulgaria

  2. Agenda • What is Recovery Manager? • Automatic disk based recovery • Optimized incremental backups • Incrementally updated backups • Just say no to shrinking backup windows • A new twist to transportable tablespaces • Q&A

  3. Over 25 Man Years of Engineering Technology provides: Intimate knowledge of database file formats and recovery procedures Manages and automates the backup, restore, and recovery process Creates and maintains backup policies Catalogs all backup and recovery activities Operates on-line and in parallel for fast processing Corrupt block detection during backup and restore and the ability to validate backups Integrated with Enterprise Manager & 3rd party network backup products Recovery Manager: Oracle’s Backup & Recovery Utility Recovery Manager Enterprise Manager & 3rd Party Tools Media Management Layer Network

  4. New World: Disk Based Data Recovery • Disk economics are close to tape • Disk is better than tape • Random access to any data • We rearchitected our recovery strategy to take advantage of these economics • Random access allows us to backup and recover just the changes to the database • Backup and Recovery goes from hours to minutes 1980’s - 200 MB 1000x increase 2000’s - 200 GB

  5. Flash Recovery Area • Unified storage location for all recovery files and recovery related activities in an Oracle Database. • Centralized location for control files, online redo logs, archive logs, flashback logs, backups • A flash recovery area can be defined as a directory, file system, or ASM disk group • A single recovery area can be shared by more than one database • Minimize the number of initialization parameters to set when you create a database • Define a database area and flash recovery area location • Oracle creates and manages all files using OMF Database Area Flash Recovery Area

  6. Flash Recovery Area Space Management Disk limit is reached and a new file needs to be written into the Flash Recovery Area Oracle delete files that are no longer required on disk. Flash Recovery Area Archive Logs & Database File Backups Space Pressure occurs Warning Issued to user 1 RMAN updates list of files that may be deleted 2 Backup Files to be deleted

  7. Benefits to Using a Flash Recovery Area • Unifies the storage location of related recovery files • Manages the disk space allocated for recovery files automatically • Simplifies database administrator tasks • Much faster backup • Much faster restore • Much more reliable due to inherent reliability of disks

  8. Change Tracking File • Optimizes incremental backups • Track which blocks have changed since last backup • Integrated change tracking file • Changed blocks are tracked as redo is generated • RMAN backup automatically uses changed block list Flash RecoveryArea 1011001010110 0001110100101 1010101110011 Change Tracking File

  9. The Size of the Change Tracking File • Approximately 1/250000 of the total size of the database • Depends on the number of the threads in RAC environment • Depends on the number of the old backups (max 8 backups are tracked)

  10. Enabling Block Change Tracking • ALTER DATABASE ENABLE BLOCK CHANGE TRACKING [USING FILE ‘/oracle/u101/changetrack/o1_mf_yzczmrr7_.chg‘]; • The Change Tracking Writer (CTWR) process • v$block_change_tracking view STATUS FILE BYTES

  11. Incremental Backup and Changed Tracking File Benefits • Faster –Optimizes incremental backups to only backup those changed blocks directly –Integrated with DB recovery and logging • Better –Uses less space since changes are tracked per block group –RAC enabled • Simpler • Automatically integrates with backup and recovery – zero effort 

  12. Incrementally Updated Backups • Eliminates the need to perform a whole database backup. • Reduces the time required for media recovery since the image copy is updated with the latest block changes. RMAN incremental backup Incrementally Updated Backups RMAN RECOVER COPY OF DATAFILE Initiate Merge

  13. Eliminate Shrinking Backup Window Syndrome! • Fully automatic disk based backup and recovery • Set it and Forget it • Nightly incremental backup rolls forward recovery area backup • Changed blocks are tracked in production DB • Full scan is never needed • Dramatically faster (20x) • Blocks validated to prevent corruption of backup copy • Use low cost disk array for recovery area DatabaseArea Nightly Apply Validated Incremental Flash RecoveryArea Weekly Archive To Tape Two Independent Disk Systems

  14. Oracle Suggested Strategy • Easy & Reliable • Integrates the Oracle DB 10g features • Fast Recovery Options • Backup and Recovery goes from hours to minutes

  15. Automated Disk Based Backup & Recovery Benefits • Much faster backup • Just propagate changes to recovery area • Dramatic difference for large databases • Much faster restore • Copy backup files from the Flash Recovery Area • Or simply use the copy in the Flash Recovery Area • Much more reliable due to inherent reliability of disks • Tapes not needed for normal backup/recovery, only for archiving

  16. Backup Management • List RMAN backups • View files included in a backup set • Perform maintenance • Remove obsolete backups with a single click

  17. File 1 File 1 OS copy File 2 File 2 expdat.dmp expdat.dmp What is Transportable Tablespace? • Mechanism to quickly move a tablespace across Oracle databases • Most efficient means to move bulk data between databases. • File is simply copied at OS level 24

  18. Small Endian Platforms Big Endian Platforms Linux (Intel IA32/64) Solaris (SPARC) Windows (Intel IA32/64) HP-UX (Intel IA64) High Speed File Convert Open VMS (Intel IA64) HP-UX (PA-RISC) Tru64 UNIX (Alpha) AIX (PowerPC) RMAN Simple File Copy Within These Simple File Copy Within These Oracle10g Cross Platform Transportable Tablespace

  19. Cross Platform Transportable Tablespace Benefits • Fast data distribution in Data Warehousing environment (data marts) • Used for publishing structured data (i.e. catalogs on CDs) • Sharing of read only tablespaces by heterogeneous systems • Allowing a database to be migrated from one platform to another

  20. Creating Compressed Backups • Compression of archive logs and backupses using LZ based approach • The compressed backupset is not be usable with pre– Oracle Database 10g • RMAN> BACKUP COMPRESSED BACKUPSET DATABASE; • RMAN> CONFIGURE DEVICE TYPE DISK PARALLELISM 2 • BACKUP TYPE TO COMPRESSED BACKUPSET;

  21. Other Oracle10gBackup & Recovery Enhancements • Restore tolerates missing or corrupt backup • Automatically fails over to previous backup • Automated recovery through a previous point in time recovery • Recovery through resetlogs • Fully automated tablespace point-in-time recovery • Automatic channel failover on backup or restore • Time window based throttling of backups • Tablespace Rename • Drop Database

  22. & Q U E S T I O N S A N S W E R S Resources • HA OTN: http://otn.oracle.com/deploy/availability • RMAN Discussion Forum http:// otn.oracle.com • MetaLink http:// MetaLink.oracle.com

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