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The Evolution of Old Testament Texts: From Ancient Manuscripts to Standardized Translations

The Old Testament has a rich textual history, beginning with ancient manuscripts dating back to the 10th century. These texts were not standardized, with various traditions evident among early scribes. The Dead Sea Scrolls, dating from the 2nd century BC to the 1st century AD, reveal diverse text families, showing a proto-Masoretic text existing by AD 70, just after the Temple's destruction. By AD 1000, Jewish scribes known as Masoretes preserved, standardized, and vocalized these texts, leading to modern translations of the Old Testament.

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The Evolution of Old Testament Texts: From Ancient Manuscripts to Standardized Translations

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  1. OT Text History oldest OT MSS before 1948 = 10th cent MT text not Standardized (3 text traditions?) Standardized text OT Period Scribes Dead Sea Scrolls Show various text families 2nd cent BC-1st cent AD Masoretic Text (MT) other Judean Desert finds AD 135; show only proto-Masoretic text AD 70 Temple destroyed B.C. A.D. AD 1000 AD 100 Original Text (now lost) MASORETES (Jewish scribes) 1. preserved 2. standardized 3. vocalized modern OT translations

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