BGP Table Manners Interdomain Routing Politics for the Masses

1. BGP Table Manners Interdomain Routing Politics for the Masses Dave Aaldering

2. Introduction • Dave Aaldering • ISP Services • Dutch / English • Didam the place to be

3. Introduction • Interdomain Routing Politics • Research / Conversations / Discussions • Facts rather than Opinions • Save your opinions for the end, where we have room for discussion • Work in progress • Feedback is welcome!

4. Introduction • Many ISP’s make 1 Internet • ISP’s must interact to have a good Internet • Understanding creates acceptance • Dealing with ISP’s means dealing with people

5. Contents • What is peering? • What is transit? • Network sizes • Interests • Fair basis • Examples for smaller networks • Examples for intermediate networks • Examples for big networks • Common practice / Words of advice • Round-up • Questions / Discussion • Acknowledgments and thanks

6. What is peering? • Peering is the relationship whereby ISP’s give access to eachother’s customers • Private Peering • Public Peering (exchanges) • Carrier Neutral Datacenters

7. What is peering?

8. What is transit? • Transit is a service where a backbone provider sells access to the entire internet • Having transit delivered at your door • Buying at a carrier neutral datacenter • Delivery over exchanges • US / Europe

9. What is transit?

10. Network Sizes • A network is defined as an Autonomous System • Size is based on : • Geographical span of the backbone by exitpoints / interconnects with other networks • Backbone bandwidth • Geographical source, and amount of customer traffic

11. Small AS • Customer base in 1 geographical location • Customer traffic behind 1 exit location • Minimal backbone to connect to exchange location / transit uplink • Mostly local peers • No continental backbone • Buys transit from third party • Examples : ISP Services, BIT, 2Fast, Kabelfoon, XS4ALL, Megabit

12. Small Intermediate AS • Customer base in 1 geographical location • Customer traffic behind several exit locations • Backbone to connect to geographically spread exit points • Local and continental peers • Buys transit from third party • Examples : Belnet, Surfnet, BBC

13. Bigger Intermediate AS • Customer base in several geographical location • Customer traffic behind several exit locations • Backbone connecting geographically spread exit points / backbone • Local and continental peers • Buys no european Transit? • Examples : UPC, Tiscali, Interoute

14. Big AS • Global customer base • Global network presence • Buys no transit at all? • Sometimes called Tier1 • Examples : Worldcom, NTT, Level3

15. Interests • Financial • Decrease transit costs • Increase transit sales • Scaling bandwidth • Technical – Better routes – Lower latency – Redundancy

16. Fair basis • Same amount of € spent on bandwidth • Same amount of € spent on hardware • Same amount of network capacity used / interconnect location • Even traffic ratio • Who pays what? Eyeballs or Content Providers?

17. Examples for smaller networks • Be more autonomous • Improve connectivity • Save money on transit • Operational cost are of a relative low concern • Transit sales not a primary goal

18. Examples for intermediate networks • Expanding the network • Improved Connectivity • New business opportunities • Bandwidth / Hardware / Colocation / Operational costs • Having to pick up traffic that would otherwise be delivered to you • Save money on transit • Peering with transit providers • Having to say no to smaller providers • Unfair peering • To enable both parties to sell transit • To keep up with transit provider peering demands • More peerings • Peering locally / saving backbone capacity

19. Examples for intermediate networks • Backhauling transit from abroad • Save some € • Not being a potential customer • More private peerings with bigger parties • No financial drive to peer directly • Controlling operational costs • Efficiency in using hardware • Traffic Ratio’s • Traffic Aggregation

20. Examples for big networks • Operating a global network • Best possible connectivity • New business opportunities • Bandwidth / Hardware / Colocation / Operational costs • Make money selling transit • Peering with other transit providers • Maintaining full connectivity • Having to say no to smaller providers • Unfair peering based on network capacity used • Possible transit customer

21. Common practice / Words of advice • Be nice to peering@$company people • Supply sufficient information in peering requests • Analyse your traffic flows (Cflow, mac accounting, mrtg, yaps, etc) • Do not assume, but check what is going on in your network • Be professional at all times when dealing with peering issues • Think ahead, but also act ahead

22. Round-up • Different networks and different network sizes have different interests and interact in their own ways • Everyone has to guarantee full access to the internet and get it somehow • Smaller networks focus more on technical aspects • Bigger networks are focus more on financial and business consequences of interconnections • The bigger your network gets, the more things you have to take into consideration • Choices have to be made, you can’t make everyone happy so start thinking about your network in the first place

23. Questions / Discussion • Any questions?

24. Acknowledgements and thanks • Frank Hellemink • Pim van Pelt • Tsjoi Tsim • Erik Bos • Niels Bakker • Bill Norton • Sabri Berisha • Remco van Mook • Bart Teunis • Stichting Megabit • Megabit Sponsors • ISP Services • • Many more, who are not mentioned by name here Thanks everyone!

25. BGP Table Manners Interdomain Routing Politics for the Masses The End : Let’s go and grab some beers!