Safety and First Aid

1. Safety and First Aid

2. Injury Prevention at Home and at School • Accidents at Home • Falls, Fires, Electrical shock, poisoning • Safety in Class • Violence at School • Violence- Using force to hurt someone or to cause damage • Gun Safety • Avoid guns, lock them up, hunting • Seven ways to protect yourself • Think before you act, pay attention, know your limits, practice refusal skills, use safety equipment, change risky behavior, change risky situations

3. Fire safety • Fire prevention and detection • Smoke detector- an alarm that detects smoke from a fire • Check batteries • Check to see if working • How to put out small fires • Fire extinguisher- a device that releases chemials to put out a fire • 3 different types

4. Safety on the Road • Safety while walking • Use sidewalks • Walk facing traffic • Use crosswalks • Look both ways • Make sure driver can se you • Avoid walking at night • No headphones • Safety on wheel • Wear safety equipment • Pay attention to traffic • Follow the rules of road • Wear proper attire • Ride in designated areas • Ride with a friend • Avoid night riding • Vehicle safety • Bus safety

5. Safety Outdoors • Safety on a cold day • Hypothermia- a below normal body temperature • Frostbite- is damage to skin and other tissues that is caused by extreme cold • Safety on a hot day • Heat exhaustion- a condition caused by too much water loss through sweating on a hot day • Heatstroke- is an injury that happens when the body cannot control its temperature. • Playing safe • Drink water, use sunscreen, watch weather

6. Natural disasters • Earthquakes • A shaking of the earth’s surface caused by movement along a break in the Earth’s crust • Natural disasters- natural events that widespread injury, death, and property damage. • Tornadoes and hurricanes • Tornado- a spinning column of air that has a high wind speed and touches the ground. • Hurricane- a large spinning tropical weather system with wind speeds of at least 74mph • Flood- is an overflowing of water into areas that are normally dry • Flash flood- a flood with no warning • Be prepared!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!

7. Deciding to Give First Aid • Emergency- a sudden event that demands immediate action • Handling an Emergency • Check the situation • Call for help • Care for victim • First aid- emergency medical care for someone who has been hurt or who is sick.

8. Making an emergency phone call • Dial 9-1-1 • The three pieces of information that you will need to know: • Your name and location • The type of emergency • The condition of anyone who is hurt • What you’ve done to help the victim • Stay calm • Don’t hang up first

9. Abdominal Thrust and Rescue Breathing • Abdominal Thrusts- actions that apply pressure to a choking person’s stomach to force an object out of his or her throat • First Aid for choking infants(pg 394) • First Aid for choking adults(pg 395) • Rescue Breathing for adults • Rescue breathing- an emergency technique in which a rescuer gives air to someone who is not breathing • Cardiopulmonary resuscitation(CPR)- an emergency technique used to save a victim who isn’t breathing and who doesn’t have a heart beat. • Rescue breathing for small children

10. First Aid for Injuries • Bleeding • Burns • Severity determines first aid • Poisoning • Fractures-broken or cracked bone • Dislocations- when a bone is forced out of its normal position • Head, Neck, and Back Injuries