宾语从句

1. 宾语从句

2. 宾语从句的概念 宾语从句属于名词性从句，在句中作主句的宾语。 I hear that he has passed the exam.

3. 宾语从句三要素 引导词 语序 时态

4. 一引导词 1 由从属连词that引导的宾语从句 例 I just hope that I can continue to make progress next year. 注：that在句中无词汇意义，在从句中不能充当成分，在口语中往往省略 2 由从属连词whether/if引导的宾语从句 He asked whether he had passed the exam Whether和if 都有“是否”意思，一般情况两者可以互换，但在介词后、不定式前、与or not 连用、在句首或在引导表语从句、同位语从句时，只能用whether 例 I don’t dnow whether he’s free or not.

5. 3 由连接代词who whom whose which what和连接副词where how why when引导的宾语从句 He asked whose books they were. 代词或副词连接主句和从句，并在从句中担任句子成分，具有一定意义，不可省略 二 语序 即 主句+连接词+从句 宾语从句应用陈述句语序 当从句的原句是以下句子及what who 作主语时，语序不变 What’s wrong? What’s the matter? What’s happing? What happened? 例 I don’t know what’s the matter? 三 时态 主句用现在时或将来时，从句可用任何时态 主句用过去时，从句用与过去相关的时态

6. 当从句说明的是一般真理、客观事实、自然现象、名字时，仍用现在时当从句说明的是一般真理、客观事实、自然现象、名字时，仍用现在时 当从句有具体时间状语时，即使从句动作发生在主语动作之前，仍用一般过去时 He told me he came to China in 1990 He said that the earth goes around the sun. Exercise if (whether) he will go to the park with us 1. I want to know __________________________________.（他是否跟我们一起去公园） 2. Ask him _____________________. （他是否能来） 3. I don’t know ___________________________.（是否要下雨） 2. “Does the girl need any help?” he asked me.（变为复合句） →He asked me _________ the girl _________ some help． 3. Jim is not a student. Tom is not a student, either.（合并为一个句子） _________ Jim _________Tom is a student. 4. When does the train leave? I want to know.（改为含宾语从句的复合句） I want to know _________ the train _________. 5. They went home after they had finished their homework. (用not．．．until改写) They _________ go home _________ they had finished their homework． 6. Did Peter come here yesterday? Li Lei wants to know. (改为含宾语从句的复合句) Li Lei wants to know _________ Peter _________ here yesterday. whether /if he can come whether it is going to rain or not if/whether needed Neither nor when leaves didn’t until came if/whether