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High Fives

High Fives. Vinny Hageman Cory Sonderschafer. History . Originated in African-American urban culture as a greeting Gained popularity around 1980 in sports (baseball and basketball) for use as a congratulations Went mainstream in 80’s

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High Fives

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  1. High Fives Vinny HagemanCory Sonderschafer

  2. History • Originated in African-American urban culture as a greeting • Gained popularity around 1980 in sports (baseball and basketball) for use as a congratulations • Went mainstream in 80’s • Now a worldwide gesture used for congratulations, celebration, greeting, etc.

  3. Description • Wanted to find out how strangers would respond to us offering them a high five • Wanted to further explore their responses by comparing: • How males react to how females react • How people react to someone in casual attire to how they react to someone in Flyers attire

  4. Procedure • Collected our data by offering high fives to every third person and recording their response (high five or no high five) and their gender • Cory – casual attire, “hey high five,” went first • Vinny – Flyers attire, “let’s go Flyers,” went second • Did this in Montgomery Mall, Valley Square Shopping Center, and Doylestown (Main Street, State Street, and Court Street) • Tests of significance: • 1 Proportion Z Test on proportion of people who DID high five • Ho: p0 =.2 • Ha: p0 >.2 • 2 Proportion Z Test on proportion of males who DID high five vs. females who DID high five • Ho: pmale = pfemale • Ha: pmale > pfemale • 2 Proportion Z Test on proportion of people who high fived Cory in a casual shirt vs. Vinny in a Flyers shirt • Ho: pregular = pflyers • Ha: pregular < pflyers

  5. Montgomery Mall • Majority of females responded with no high five • Same for casual and Flyers • Majority of males responded with a high five for Flyers • Opposite for casual • Males responded with a high five more than females • Same for casual and Flyers

  6. Valley Square • Majority of females responded with a high five • Same for casual and flyers • Majority of males responded with a high five for Flyers • Opposite for casual • Males responded with a high five more than females for Flyers • Opposite for casual

  7. Doylestown • Majority of females responded with no high five • Same for casual and Flyers • Majority of males responded with a high five • Same for casual and Flyers • Males responded with a high five more than females • Same for casual and Flyers

  8. Analysis • Majority of females in Doylestown and in Montgomery Mall responded with no high five • Female patterns were always same for casual and flyers • Majority of males everywhere responded with a high five for Flyers • Majority of males in Montgomery Mall and in Valley Square responded with no high five for casual

  9. Conclusions • If you are a white, average-looking young man in Greater Philadelphia Region (specifically Bucks County/Montgomery County)… • Majority of females will not high five you • Majority of males will not high five you… • UNLESS you are obviously a Flyers fan! • Males in Doylestown are most friendly to strangers • Females are least friendly • Females in Valley Square are most friendly to strangers

  10. Test #1: 1 Proportion Z Test Assumptions: State: • SRS • n0p0 ≥ 10n0(1 − p0) ≥ 10 • pop ≥ 10n Check: • Assumed • 148*.53 = 78.44≥ 10148*.47 = 69.56≥ 10 • Passed

  11. Test #1: 1 Proportion Z Test Ho: p0 =.2 Ha: p0 >.2 P (z ≥ 9.946) < 0.0001 = 9.946 We reject Ho because p-value is < α = .05. We have sufficient evidence that the proportion of people who responded with a high five is greater than .20.

  12. Test #1 Chart • Percentage of people who responded with a high five is higher than those who responded with no high five

  13. Test #2: 2 Proportion Z Test Assumptions: State: • 2 independent SRS • n1p1 ≥ 10n1(1 − p1) ≥ 10n2p2 ≥ 10 n2(1 − p2) ≥ 10 • pop1 ≥ 10n pop2 ≥ 10n Check: • Assumed • 69*.67 = 46.23≥ 1069*.33 = 22.77≥ 1079*.41 = 32.39 ≥ 1079*.59 = 46.61 ≥ 10 • Passed

  14. Test #2: 2 Proportion Z Test Ho: pmale = pfemale Ha: pmale > pfemale P (z ≥ 3.18) = 0.00074 = 3.18 We reject Ho because p-value is < α = .05. We have sufficient evidence that the proportion of males who responded with a high five is greater than the proportion of females who responded with a high five.

  15. Test #2 Graph • Percentage of males who responded with a high five is higher than the percentage of females who responded with a high five

  16. Test #3: 2 Proportion Z Test Assumptions: State: • 2 independent SRS • n1p1 ≥ 10n1(1 − p1) ≥ 10n2p2 ≥ 10 n2(1 − p2) ≥ 10 • pop1 ≥ 10n pop2 ≥ 10n Check: • Assumed • 74*.42 = 31.08 ≥ 1074*.58 = 42.92≥ 1074*.64 = 47.36 ≥ 1074*.36 = 26.64 ≥ 10 • Passed

  17. Test #3: 2 Proportion Z Test Ho: pregular = pflyers Ha: pregular < pflyers P (z ≤ -2.634) = 0.0042 = -2.634 We reject Ho because p-value is < α = .05. We have sufficient evidence that the proportion of people who responded with a high five to someone in Flyers attire is greater than the proportion of people who responded with a high five to someone in casual attire.

  18. Test #3 Graph • Percentage of people who to responded with a high five to someone in Flyers attire is higher than percentage of people who responded with a high five to someone in casual attire

  19. Conclusions (Inf.) • More than half of all people in Greater Philadelphia Area (Bucks County and Montgomery County specifically) will respond to the offer of a high five with a high five • Males in this area are more likely to respond with a high five than females • People in this area are more likely to respond to someone in a Flyers shirt with a high five than someone in casual attire

  20. Application • 53% of all people responded with a high five • Knowing this, we are now more likely to offer a high five to a stranger • Greater than 50% chance that they will accept • Why would we do this? • It’s fun • It’s an easy way to meet friendly people

  21. Sources of Bias/Error • Weather - more people would have been outside (Doylestown, Valley Square) if it was nicer out • Odor- some areas smelled bad (Valley Square next to DSW) causing people not to be there • Mood - someone would have been more inclined to respond with a high five if they were in a good mood • Already saw us doing work – people would have been more inclined to respond with a high five if they knew what we wanted ahead of time (or less inclined if they’re jerks)

  22. Sources of Bias/Error (Cont.) • Age – children were reluctant to high five us (probably because of a “don’t talk to strangers” mentality) • Group – people with SO’s/families seemed more hesitant than individuals • Two different people collecting data – people could be more/less inclined to high five us for personal reasons (our appearances, etc.) • Fans of a rival team/city – would have been less inclined to high five Vinny

  23. Sources of Bias/Error (Cont.) • Flyers were in Stanley Cup Finals during data collection – caused fans to be “flyered up” and therefore more likely to high five Vinny • Flyers played later that night – fans would have been more likely to high five Vinny • Outcome of Flyers game night before– fans could have been more/less likely to high five Vinny depending on if they won/lost night before (depends on the type of fan) • Recording same person more than once – repeats were more likely to respond with a high five again • Knowing someone – acquaintances were more likely to respond with a high five than a stranger

  24. Personal Opinion • Results could be more accurate • Remove sources of error • Go places… • Big enough to not have any repeats • Far away enough from home to not know anyone • Have one person only collect data (change into Flyers shirt) and other only record data • Just wouldn’t be as much fun if we changed it • We actually had a good time with this project • Collecting data was enjoyable

  25. Activity Introduction • Some people gave sloppy high fives • Weak effort • Resulted in near misses • Can be embarrassing for both parties • People need instruction…

  26. Activity Perfect High Five Technique • Turn to your neighbor • Stare at their elbow • High five them repeatedlyWorks every time!

  27. FIN

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