Chapter 17 Using Sex as a Weapon: Sexual Coercion, Rape, and Abuse

1. Chapter 17 Using Sex as a Weapon: Sexual Coercion, Rape, and Abuse

2. Facts Related to Sexual Violence • Children and Youth: • Nearly two-thirds of female victims and nearly 70% of male victims were first raped before age 18. • College Students: • An estimated 20-25% of college women experience attempted or completed rape while in college. • Adults: • 11% of women and 2% of men have experienced forced sex at some point in their lives.

3. Types of Victimization • Completed Rape • Attempted rape • Completed Sexual Coercion • Attempted Sexual Coercion • Completed Sexual Contact With Force or Threat of Force • Attempted Sexual Contact With Force or Threat of Force • Attempted Sexual Contact Without Force • Threat of Rape • Threat of Contact With Force • Threat of Contact Without Force

4. What is Sexual Consent? • Sexual Consent: A Voluntary Agreement • The Absence of Consent: The Lack of Free Will • Who Are the Rapists? • Rape Scripts of Men and Women • Race, Ethnicity, and Attitudes Toward Rape.

5. What Is Sexual Consent?

6. Rape • Terms • Forcible rape • Statutory rape • Who Are the Rapists? • Date rape/ acquaintance rape • Anger rapists • Power rapists • Sadistic rapists • Rape Scripts of Men and Women • Types of conduct that make up rape • Race, Ethnicity, and Attitudes Toward Rape

7. History of Rape in the United States

8. History of Rape in the United States (continued)

9. Forcible Rape Rates in the U.S. 1989-2008

10. Rape on Campus • College students are four times more likely to be sexually assaulted than any other age group: • 12% of women attending American colleges have been raped. • 14% of undergraduate women were victims of completed sexual assault since beginning college. • 8% were sexually assaulted while incapacitated due to alcohol or drugs. • Fewer than 5% of college women reported completed or attempted rape.

11. Why Women Don’t Tell

12. Intoxication and Sexual Assault • Intoxication by Drugs • Drug-facilitated assault • Diminished capacity • GHB, GBL, and Rohypnol (“roofies,” date rape drug) • Intoxication by Alcohol • Most common chemical used in sexual assaults • Two-thirds of victims report they consumed alcohol prior to being assaulted. • Federal Clery Act (Student Right-to-Know or Campus Security Act)

13. The Effects of Rape • Rape Trauma Syndrome • Acute phase • Outward adjustment phase • Resolution phase • Women’s Responses to Rape • Depression • Silent rape reaction • When Men Are Rape Victims • His experience is marginalized and neglected

14. Reporting a Rape • Call 911, the local police or campus police. • Or go to local hospital emergency room. • Do not discard any evidence. • Do not shower or change clothing • The hospital will perform a rape kit. • Women will be given emergency contraception and testing for STIs. • The police will obtain a statement. • An advocate or friend may be called.

15. Relationship Violence • Intimate Partner Violence (IPV) • Behavior that intentionally inflicts harm on a partner • Sometimes referred to as domestic violence • The Battered • Women with less education, from lower SES, or who are single parents or young teenage parents are more likely to be victims. • The Batterer • Need for control and domination

16. Categories of Intimate Partner Violence • Physical Violence • Emotional Violence • Sexual Violence • Threats of Physical or Sexual Violence

17. Partner Rape • There are three types of partner rape: • Battering rape • Forced sexual acts • Obsessive/sadistic rape

18. The Power and Control Wheel

19. The Cycle of Violence

20. Child Sexual Abuse/Incest • How Are Children Affected? • Signs and Symptoms: • Genital pain and bleeding, STI, fearful behavior, abdominal pain, bed-wetting, attempts to run away, inappropriate sexual behavior for child’s age, sudden change in self confidence, headaches and stomach aches, school failure, extremely passive or aggressive behavior, desperately affectionate behavior or social withdrawal • Helping Victims Heal

21. Sexual Life Education • Concluding points