frontal lighting lighting directed into the scene from a position near the camera.

1. film stockor simply film, the strip of material upon which a series of still photographs is registered; it consists of a clear base coated on one side with light-sensitive emulsion.

2. filtera piece of glass or geltain placed in front of camera or printer lens to alter the quality(color) or quantity of light strking the film in aperture.

3. focal lengththe distance from the center of lens to the point at which the light rays meet in sharp focus. The focal length determines the perspective relations of the space represented on the flat screen.

4. focusthe degree to which light rays coming from the same part of an object through different parts of the lens re-converge at the same point on the film frame, creating sharp outlines and distinct textures. focus in, out a punctuation device in which the image gradually comes into focus or goes out of the

5. forelengtheningthe linear distortion caused by wide-angle lens; the perception of depth is exaggerated.foreshorteningthe distortion caused by a telephoto lens; the illusion of depth is compressed.

6. frame0.a single image on the strip of film. When a series of frames are projected onto a screen in quick succession (currently 24 frames per second), an illusion of movement is created.0.the size and shape of the image on the screen when projected.0.the compositional unit fo film design.

7. framingthe use of edges of the film to select and to compose what will be visible onscreen.freeze framea freeze shot, which is achieved by printing a single frame many times in succession to give the illusion of a still photograph when projected.

8. frontal lightinglighting directed into the scene from a position near the camera.

9. full shota shot of a subject that includes the entire body and not much else.

10. gaugeThe width of the film strip, measured in millimeters. 35mm is most commonly used filmstock, 65mm and 70mm are used for major epic productions.

11. hard lightinglighting that creates sharp-edged shadows.hard-key lightinglighting that creates comparatively little contrast between the light and dark areas of the shot. Shadows are fairly transparent and brightened by fill light.

12. height of framingthe height of the camera above the ground, regardless of camera angle

13. irisa round, moving mask that contracts to close down to end an scene (iris-out) or emphasize a detail, or opens to begin a scene (iris-in) or to reveal more space around a detail.

14. key lightin the three-point lighting system, the brightest light coming into the scene. See also backlighting and fill light

15. long shota framing in which the scale of the object shown is small; a standing human figure would appear nearly the height of the screen.

16. low-key lightinglighting tht creates strong contrast between light and dark areas of the shot, with deep shadows and little fill light

17. matte shota type of process shot in which different areas of the image (usually actors and setting) are photographed separately and combined in laboratory work.

18. medium close-upa framing in which the scale of the object shown is fairly large; a human figure seen from the chest up fill most of the screen.

19. medium long shota framing at a distance which makes an object about 4 or 5 feet high appear to fill most of the screen vertically. See plan americain, the special term for a medium long shot depicting human figures.

20. medium shota framing in which the sclae of the object is of moderate size; a human figure seen from the waist up would fill most of the screen.

21. mise-en-sceneall the elements placed in front of the camera to be photographed, that is, part of the cinematic process that take place on the set, as opposed to montage, which takes place afterward. It includes the settings and props, lighting, costumes and make-up, and figure behavior.

22. Mise-en-scene tends to be very important to realists, montage to expressionists.mise-en-shot the design of an entire shot, in time as well as space.

23. mobile framethe effect on the screen of moving camera, a zoom lens, or special effects shifting the frame in relation to the scene being photographed.