1. Concert Life Lifts Off Haydn

2. Franz Joseph Haydn (1732–1809) • “Father of the symphony” • More than 100 surviving symphonies

3. Modern Concert Life Is Born • Concert Spirituel (1725–1790) • organized in Paris by Anne DancianPhilidor (1681–1728) • mix of vocal and instrumental works • overture, symfoniaor symphonie(curtain raiser) • cantatas with Latin texts • concerted grand motets

4. Modern Concert Life Is Born • Concert program from Vienna, 16 April 1791 • “grand symphony” by Mozart • opera arias by Mozart and Paisiello • cello concerto by Pleyel • choral Alleluja by Albrechtsberger • wind-band partita by Druschetzky

5. Modern Concert Life Is Born • Giovanni Battista Sammartini (1700/01–1775) • nearly 70 symphonies • Sinfonia in G (1730s) [Anthology 2-7] • 3 movements, binary form • “symphonic binary form” • “sonata form”

6. The Mannheim Orchestra:“An Army of Generals” • Mannheim, seat of the Rhineland Palatinate • Court instrumental music • Johann Wenzel Anton Stamitz (1717–1757) • Christian Cannabich (1731–1798) • Mannheim Orchestra • Burney: “It is an army of generals”

7. Concert Symphonies • J. C. Bach, Symphony in B-flat, Op. 18, No. 2 [Anthology 2-8] • originally sinfoniaavantil’opera • premiered in Mannheim, 1775 • premier coup d’archet • “rocket”

8. Haydn: The Perfect Career • Choirboy at St. Stephen’s Cathedral in Vienna

9. Haydn: The Perfect Career • Choirboy at St. Stephen’s Cathedral in Vienna • Studied Fux’sGradus ad Parnassum • Apprenticed with Nicola Porpora • 1757: employed as Kapellmeister by Count Morzin • composed early symphonies

10. Haydn’s Years with the Esterházy Family • 1761: “Vice-Kapellmeister in the service of his Serene Highness Paul Anton [Esterházy]” • 1766: acceded to chief Kapellmeister under Nikolaus Joseph

11. Haydn’s Years with the Esterházy Family • Eszterháza • two theaters • two concert rooms • large hall

12. Haydn’s Years with the Esterházy Family • Composed some 20 Italian operas • At least 75 symphonies • Dozens of quartets • Nearly 200 works for baryton

13. Expectations and Deviations:Creating Musical Meaning • Symphony No. 45 [Anthology 2-9] • performed at Eszterháza in 1772 • F minor • boldly experimental • Sturm und Drang • “Farewell” • thematischeArbeit(thematic work)

14. String Quartets • 68 String Quartets • Op. 33 Quartets • “a new and special manner” • Quartet No. 2 in E-flat [Anthology 2-10] • “The Joke”

15. The Symphony Composer • Prince Nikolaus dies 1790 • Peter Salomon, London subscription concerts • London Symphonies

16. Sonata Form • “First-movement form,” “sonata-allegro form” • slow introduction • exposition • development • recapitulation

17. The “London” Symphony No. 104 • [Anthology 2-11] • First Movement, D major • Slow introduction • Exposition • Primary Theme in D • Bridge • Secondary Theme area in A • Closing section

18. The “London” Symphony No. 104 • [Anthology 2-11] • First Movement, D major • Slow introduction • Exposition • Development • primary theme developed, several key areas

19. The “London” Symphony No. 104 • [Anthology 2-11] • First Movement, D major • Slow introduction • Exposition • Development • Recapitulation • Primary and Secondary themes in D

20. The “London” Symphony No. 104 • Second Movement, Andante • ternary form: ABA’ • Third Movement • minuet and trio • Final Movement • fast, 2/4 meter • sonata form

21. The Culminating Work: The Creation • [Anthology 2-12] • In the Handelian tradition • Premiered in 1798 • Libretto based on the Bible and Milton’s Paradise Lost