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This guide outlines the six fundamental characteristics common to all living organisms. Every living thing, from unicellular bacteria to complex multicellular creatures, shares these traits: Cellular Organization, Reproduction, Response to Environment, Growth and Development, Energy Use, and Chemicals of Life. Understanding these characteristics is crucial for studying biology and recognizing what defines life. We also explore basic needs and how organisms acquire energy, whether as autotrophs or heterotrophs.
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Prime Time: • On your handout, list at least 4 characteristics of all living things. (What do all living things have in common?) • As a group at your table, try to come up with at least three characteristics you all agree on.
6 Characteristics(Copy these onto your paper) • Cellular Organization • Reproduction • Respond to Environment • Grow and Develop • Energy Use • Chemicals of Life
1. Cellular Organization • All organisms are made of one or more cells • unicellular– single celled organisms such as bacteria (most numerous organisms on Earth) • multicellular – organisms made of many cells that are specialized for certain tasks
2. Reproduction • The ability to produce offspring or reproduce – offspring are usually similar to the parents
3. Respond to Environment • All organisms react to changes in their environment • stimulus – the change in the organism’s environment that causes the organism to react • response – an action or change in behavior • Organisms also adjust to changes in their internal environment • homeostasis – the maintenance of stable internal conditions
4. Growth and Development • growth – becoming larger – increase in size • development – becoming more complex – changes that occur as organisms grow • Life span – all organisms have a finite life span
5. Energy Use • All organisms need energy • Main source of energy for all organisms is the sun.
6. Chemicals of Life • Cells of all living things are made of chemicals. • Water-required for all cell processes • Carbohydrates (energy) • Proteins –building materials • Lipids (fats)-building materials • Nucleic Acids (DNA)
Basic Needs • Water • Food • Oxygen • Shelter (Habitat) • 2 ways for organisms to get food (energy) • autotrophs – organisms that make their own food – ex: plants • heterotrophs – organisms that can’t make their own food so they feed on others that can
6 Characteristics Review Cont. 2. Write the example, then using the 6 characteristics write the correct choice for each example. • Eat dinner every day. • Lipids are needed for cell structures. • Your dog now weighs 25 pounds. • All living things are made of these. • A plant bends toward the light • Your horse just had a foal.
6 Characteristics Review • On your clean piece of paper (with heading 3 on it) list the 6 characteristics of living things. (NO NOTES, NEIGHBORS)
6 Characteristics(Correct your answers.) • Energy Use • Chemicals of Life • Grow • Cellular Organization • Respond to Environment • Reproduction
6 Characteristics(Copy these onto your paper) • Cellular Organization • Reproduction • Respond to Environment • Grow and Develop • Energy Use • Chemicals of Life
