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3.2 – The Agricultural South

Main Idea. Essential Question. Who made up the social hierarchy in the colonial Southern colonies?. 3.2 – The Agricultural South. Objectives. Plantation economy. Cash Crop – North Colonies – corn Middle Colonies – wheat Southern Colonies – tobacco, rice, indigo

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3.2 – The Agricultural South

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  1. Main Idea • Essential Question Who made up the social hierarchy in the colonial Southern colonies? 3.2 – The Agricultural South

  2. Objectives

  3. Plantation economy • Cash Crop – • North Colonies – corn • Middle Colonies – wheat • Southern Colonies – tobacco, rice, indigo • South developed self-sufficient society, without need or desire for large cities • Farmers had no need for the market • Tobacco prices tripled, increasing profits and exports

  4. Life in Southern Society • Growth in export trade leads to the raising of the standard of living in the colonies • European immigrants traveled to the new world in search of opportunity, adding great diversity • Germans, Scots, Irish • Plantation owners benefitted greatly, controlling political, economic and social institutions • Life of a wealthy planter was close to that of a European noble • Women had very few social or legal rights. Their duties were mostly domestic • Only daughters of wealthy planters are taught to read and write

  5. Why did fewer cities develop in the Southern colonies? • 1 • 2

  6. Women and Servants • Many indentured servants died due to rough life. Those who survived lived in poverty beyond their years of servitude • News reaches Europe about hardships of servant life. Fewer poor farmers and peasants were willing to sign up • Slave – • Natives escaped too easily to be considered reliable labor, amount of indentured servants declines • Slave population skyrockets from 13,000 in 1690 to 200,000 in 1750. • African slaves endured tough conditions and regular acts of cruelty. Planters use race as a justification of enslaving people

  7. Why were Africans seen as better slaves? • 1 • 2 • 3

  8. Evolution of Slavery • Triangular trade – • Europe trades goods to Africa • Africa sends slaves to America • America sends raw materials to Europe • The Middle Passage - • 12-20 week voyage allowed plenty of time for disease to spread

  9. Triangular Trade

  10. Africans Cope in Their New World • African retain culture (music, stories, rituals, dancing) despite colonists efforts to get rid of it • Since many families were separated, slave communities became like tight knit families • Slaves showed resistance by faking illness, breaking tools and slowing down work • OlaudahEquiano–

  11. Slave Resistance Escalates • Stono Rebellion – • 20 slaves gathered by Stono River in Charlestown.Killed several planters and their families until they were massacred by a militia • Many slaves attempt escape despite harsh punishments for being caught. • Some found refuge with Native tribes • Spanish in Florida offered freedom to Carolina slaves • As Southern economy grew, they became more reliant on slavery

  12. Southern Social Order

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