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Towards Zero Carbon

Towards Zero Carbon. FRAMED BUILDINGS Bryan Woodley Chief Executive UK Timber Frame Association. Framed Buildings. Background Strategy Code for Sustainable Homes Addressing the Key Factors Current Status The Learning Outcomes. Timber Frame UK Market Share of New Housing.

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Towards Zero Carbon

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  1. Towards Zero Carbon FRAMED BUILDINGS Bryan Woodley Chief Executive UK Timber Frame Association

  2. Framed Buildings • Background • Strategy • Code for Sustainable Homes • Addressing the Key Factors • Current Status • The Learning Outcomes

  3. Timber Frame UK Market Share of New Housing 14% England & Wales Timber Frame Market Share

  4. Growth of Timber Frame Units by Category

  5. Background • Energy Review & Legislative Drivers • Sustainable Buildings Task Group • Code For Sustainable Homes • Real Improvements in: • CO2 Emissions • Water Use • Level 1 – Just Above 2006 Building Regulations • Level 6 – “Net Zero Carbon” • Fiscal Incentives – Stamp Duty

  6. Framed Buildings - Strategy • Sustainability • Climate Change • Net Zero Carbon • Affordability • First time buyers • Key workers • Demographic aspects • Homes that People Want to Live In

  7. Tomorrows World • 32 vs 20 Sockets Per Household • 80 Litres of Water / Person / Day • 4.4m Single Person Households • More Extended / Elderly Families • Sustainable Urbanism • Daily needs within 5 minute walk • Mixed income/use neighbourhoods • Physically defined & accessible public spaces, etc.

  8. Framed Buildings – Net Zero Carbon • The Code for Sustainable Homes: • 9 Assessment Categories • 6 Different Ratings • Building Regulations Timeframe

  9. Ratings 1(*) 2(**) 3(***) 4(****) 5(*****) 6(******) • CO2 (% imp) • - 10% • 18% • 25% • 44% • 100% • zero carbon • Water (l/p/d) • - 120 • 120 • 105 • 105 • 80 • 80 Framed Buildings – Net Zero Carbon • The Code for Sustainable Homes: • 6 Different Ratings

  10. CO2 (% imp) • - 10% • 25% • 44% • zero carbon Rating 1(*) 3(***) 4(****) 6(******) Year 2008 2010 2013 2016 Framed Buildings – Net Zero Carbon • The Code for Sustainable Homes: • Building Regulations Timeframe

  11. Minimum standards at each code level Minimum standards at code entry level No minimum standards Framed Buildings – Net Zero Carbon • The Code for Sustainable Homes: • 9 Assessment Categories • Categories • - Energy/ CO2 • Water • Materials • Surface water run off • Waste • Pollution • Health/ well being • Management • Ecology

  12. Addressing the Issues - Energy / C02 • Twofold strategy: • Maximise building fabric performance standards • Then offsetting emissions using micro- renewables

  13. Energy / C02 - Walls (U-values) • 0.35 W/m2K - minimum Building Regulations • 0.30 W/m2K - standard 140 mm stud + basic insulation • 0.27 W/m2K - standard 140 mm stud + better insulation • 0.25 W/m2K - above + reflective breather membrane • 0.21 W/m2K - above + reflective vcl + service void (generic) • 0.15 – 0.14 W/m2K - advanced versions of above (proprietary) • 0.11 W/m2K - high performance sips (proprietary)

  14. Energy / C02 - Building Envelope • High performance walls, floors, roofs • Windows 0.7 W/m2K (incl. wooden frame) triple glazed, gas filled • Heat Load Parameter (U-Value for the whole building) = 0.8 W/m2K or better (SAP) • Key factor to achieve 6 stars under the Code

  15. Energy / C02 - Air leakage • ‘Reasonable Limit’ of 10 m³/(h.m²) in BR’s • Standard timber frame 5 - 8 m³/(h.m²) • < 5 m³/(h.m²) – detail attention to vcl • < 2.5 m³/(h.m²) – service zone • 1 m³/(h.m²) for Code 5 & 6 • Mechanical ventilation with heat recovery • Lighthouse 88% heat recovery

  16. Energy / C02 - Overheating • 70% of developed world lives in TF homes • Consideration of solar gain & ventilation • BRE study - standard modern masonry, steel & timber frame have similar thermal mass • Thermal mass - passive & active • Oak Ridge National Laboratory research: • Good contact with building interior • Active phase change material • Install as 8mm panels behind pboard • Reduces temperature peaks by up to 7oC

  17. Minimising Summer Heating • Large secure ventilation openings that occupants feel safe leaving open at night and away from home • Modest sized windows • Solar shading, with future upgrade sufficient to stop 90% of direct solar gain • Low energy appliances (hence low heat emitting) • ‘Thermally heavyweight’ room surfaces to absorb daytime heat gains and provide natural cooling • Purge ventilation to remove at night the heat absorbed by the room surfaces during the day

  18. 3 wind turbines 4 solar hot water panels 17m2 photovoltaic panels Offset Emissions - Micro- Renewables • Solar hot water panels • Photovoltaic panels – Lighthouse: 4.7kW • Wind turbines – 3 on Sigma House • Automatic wood pellet boiler • Wood pellet store

  19. Materials – Category 3 • Mat 1 – materials with lower environmental impact • Green Guide rating • Roofs & walls at A+ rating & walls at A rating • Credits of 10 = 2.7 Code point score • Windows A or A+ rating = total 13 = 3.6 Code points • Mat 2 - responsible sourcing • Timber certified responsibly sourced • Tier 1 FSC & PEFC for 4 out of 8 areas • Max 3 points per element = 12 = 1.2 Code points

  20. Health & Well Being – Category 7 • Daylight • Sound insulation • Private space • Lifetime Homes

  21. Category 7 - Sound Insulation • Party Walls • Stewart Milne Sigma House • Conventional RD party wall construction • Addition of 25mm and 50mm service voids • Enhanced acoustic performance • 8dB uplift on Part E • Maximum credits

  22. Category 7 - Sound Insulation • Floors • Stewart Milne Sigma House • Separation of Live/Work Unit • Slotted joist technology • Acoustic separation • Floor and ceiling • Factory installed insulation • Integral 109mm service void • Candidate Robust Detail

  23. Assessment Process • Design Stage Assessment • Post Construction Review • Evidence based assessment

  24. Stewart Milne - The Sigma House • A pair of 4 storey, semi open plan terraced town houses, with a split level interior • Achieves a 5*/6* Code rating • Near zero carbon emissions • 100%+ performance improvement over Building Regulations • Integrated micro- renewables • High density family housing • Flexible interior spaces • Closed timber frame panels and steel framed bathroom pods

  25. Kingspan Lighthouse • The world’s first Level 6 Net-Zero Carbon House. • The sweeping roof envelopes the central space which is a generous, open plan, top lit, double height living space with the sleeping accommodation at ground level • The living space uses a timber portal structure • Uses Kingspan TEK system with U-values of 0.11 W/m2K & air permeability of 1 m3/h/m2 • Technology includes mechanical ventilation with 88% heat recovery, photovoltaics, automatic wood pellet boiler & solar hot water panels • Water reduction is achieved with low usage showers, water labelled A++ white goods, greywater recycling, etc. • A smart meter records energy consumption

  26. Current Status • Framed buildings provide a basis for the Code • Code Levels 1*,2* & 3* can be delivered now with limited change to current best practice • Code Levels 4*,5* & 6* can also be produced now but require challenges to the current approach and mindset • The more demanding Levels involve an increasing cost premium ~ 40% for Level 6

  27. The Learning Outcomes • Challenging current approach and mindset • Early supplier integration is key • Management of micro energy supply • Focus on the customer • Cost of technology and new components & materials • Ability to manage change

  28. Any questions or comments please? Thank you for your attention Bryan Woodley Chief Executive UK Timber Frame Association

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