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Impact of British Rule on Indian Economy and Society

British rule in India led to the destruction of the traditional economy, disappearance of locally made goods, and reliance on expensive British imports. The shift to a cash crop economy resulted in less food crops, making India dependent on Great Britain. Social changes included population growth, urbanization, and the emergence of a British-educated Indian middle class. Westernization and resentment towards British rule fueled Indian nationalism. The caste system provided spiritual purity and identity but limited freedom. Great Britain controlled India due to its decline of Mughal power and Indian disunity. Hinduism supported the caste system, while the Indian National Congress advocated for political independence. The decline of the Mughal Empire in South Asia was caused by intolerance towards Hindus, civil wars, and lavish spending.

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Impact of British Rule on Indian Economy and Society

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  1. Open-Ended Questions Chapter 8

  2. New Economic Patterns • Effects (Listing Question) • Destroyed Indian traditional economy • Locally made goods disappeared • Indians bought expensive British made products: imports • Cash crop economy • Less food crops • India dependent on Great Britain

  3. Social Changes • Effects (Listing Question) • population growth • urbanization • British educated Indian middle class • make like British (p.197) • English a common language • learned about liberty, freedom, democracy • resentment to British rule = rise of Indian nationalism • westernization

  4. What system helped people remain spiritually pure and determined a person’s occupation and provided a sense of identity for its people and did not provide a great deal of freedom ? • Caste

  5. What country was able to gain and stay in control of India until after WWII because of the decline of Mughal/rival kingdoms/lack of Indian unity and diversity? • Great Britain

  6. What religion supported the caste system and helped establish of a set of rules for society that governed all aspects of life? • Hinduism

  7. What group supported Hindu nationalism/ reform and eventually political independence? • INC

  8. What was the last Muslim Empire in South Asia decline was caused by loss of tolerance towards Hindus/ civil wars among Muslim princes and wasteful spending? • Mughal

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