Art of the Early Twentieth Century

1. Art of the Early Twentieth Century Art in Focus Chapter 23

2. The beginning of the twentieth century is recognized today as a period of revolution and change in art. • Renaissance • 20th Century

3. Pg.516 The Fauves • A group of younger French painters under the leadership of Henri Matisse. • The Fauves carried ideas of Vincent van Gogh and Paul Gauguin. • They built an art style that was unrealistic, free, and wild. • Their paintings were so simple in design, so brightly colored and so loose in brush work that enraged critic called the artists Fauves, or “Wild Beasts” -Trisha Keiman -Henri Matisse

4. Pg. 516 Henri Matisse (1869-1954) • Leader of the Fauves, turned to art when he was 20 years-old law student. • He spent a brief year as a student of an academic painter, but found his experience almost as frustrating as studying law. • Later Matisse studied with a different artist, who wasn’t as rigid and strict. GustaveMoreau encouraged Matisse to be free in his use of color. • He became associated with him the Fauve movement. -1954 -1905

5. German Expessionism Pg. 518 • Artist who are interested in communicating their deep emotional feelings through their artwork, were called Expressionist. • Their art movement, Expressionism, is the result of art that is communicated with strong emotional feelings. - Paula Modersohn-Becker -Joseph Hitchcock

6. Pg. 520 KätheKollwitz (1867-1945) • Käthe was another of Germany’s Great Expressionist. • She used her art to protest against the tragic plight of the poor before and after World War 1. • She chose to express her ideas with etchings, woodcuts, and lithographs. • Her lithograph Woman Greeting Death is a perfect example of her work. • It shows a woman--- frail, weak, and defeated--- extending her hand to Death.

7. Pg. 522 Nonobjective Art • Until the 19th century artist used recognizable images in their works. • This approach changed when artist began to alter the appearance of objects they painted. • By the beginning of the 20th Century more and more artist were getting away from literal interpretations. - WassilyKandinsky -Liubov Popova

8. Pg. 522 Wassily Kandinsky (1866-1944) • Perhaps the 1st artist to reject the use of figures and objects was a Russian artist named, Wassily Kandinsky. • Kandinsky experimented unsuccessfully with several different styles. • Then around 1909 he turned away from all the outside influences and listened to his own instincts. • A 29-year-old lawyer went to see his work in Moscow and was overwhelmed. -1911 -1912

9. Cubism Pg. 523 • Artist such as Pablo Picasso and George Braque started with Cezannes idea that all shapes in nature are based on the sphere, the cone, and the cylinder. • They carried this idea further by trying to paint 3 dimensional objects as if they were seen from many different angles at the same time • They developed this style of painting called Cubism. • In which artist tried to show all sides of three-dimensional objects on a flat canvas. -Pablo Picasso -George Braque

10. Pg. 524 Pablo Picasso (1881-1973) • Pablo Picasso passed through many different stages. • After working in the cubist style, he returned to paintings of the human figure in which he used a greater range of colors. • In 1937 he painted his famous antiwar picture, Guernica. • Guernica is a large mural (11.5 X 23.16) • The work was inspired by the bombing of the ancient Spanish city of Guernica.

11. George Braque Pg. 526 • Unlike Picasso, George Braque did not go through a series of dramatic style changes during his career. • Changes in his paintings style were more subtle and evolved gradually during time. • He always mainly focused on ways to make a flat surface more interesting by using colors, lines, shapes, and textures. -1909 -1908

12. Pg. 528 The Muralist in Mexico • Mexican muralism was the promotion of mural painting starting in the 1920s • It was generally with social and political messages. • Messages to reunify the country under the post mexican revolution government. • They did not want there paintings placed in museums, galleries, or private homes, where only a few people would see and respond to them. • There woks was intended to be public property. -1913 -1919

13. Pg. 528 Diego Rivera (1886-1957) • Rivera was one of the most famous muralist painters. • He created the first modern mural painting in Mexico. • When Rivera was young he studied the art of the great Italian fresco artist. • This study helped him realize his own artistic goal: to record in art the great struggle of the Mexican peasant. -1929 -1929

14. The End