The End of the 1920s

1. Darwin’s Theory of _____________________: Charles Darwin – British scientist, had claimed that all life had evolved, or developed, from simpler forms ____________________________ • Scopes Trial • - Cities drew thousands of people from farms & small towns • - Those who stayed in rural areas often _____________________________ • in the city were a threat to traditional values • - Some churches condemned his theory, saying it denied teachings in the __________ • - Some states banned the teachings of his theory • - 1925- John Scopes (biology teacher in Dayton) taught evolution to his class. • - Scopes was arrested & __________________________________ • - William Jennings Bryan (who had run for president) spoke for the state against Scopes • - Clarence Darrow (Chicago lawyer known for helping unions & radicals) defended Scopes • - ________________________________________________ • - Laws against teaching _____________remain on the books, though they are rarely enforced The End of the 1920s • KKK • - __________the KKK begins to crop up again • - Originally, the clan had used terror to keep African Americans from voting after the ____________ • - New Klan’s aim: __________________________________________________________________ • - Waged a campaign against blacks, immigrants, Catholics & Jews • _____________________________outside of people’s homes • Whippings & lynchings to terrorize immigrants & blacks • Strongly supported efforts to limit _______________________ • Such a large membership = gained political influence • Racial Tensions in the North • African Americans had hoped that their efforts abroad in WW1 would weaken __________________at home • Returning black soldiers found the South was still ______________________ & racism was big in the North • African Americans moved _____________during & after the war • *Factory jobs in larger cities • *Often the only available jobs were low-paying ones • *Whites refused to rent apartments to blacks • * Northern white homeowners & workers felt _______________by the arrival of so many African Americans • * Racial tension grew • *8 months after WW1, ___________ broke out in several cities • * The worst: Chicago, leaving 38 dead • Marcus Garvey • - African Americans were shocked by the racism they found & looked for new ways to cope • Marcus Garvey: one of the most popular black leaders of the 1920s who started the first widespread ___________________________________________________________. • Organized the Universal Negro Improvement Association (_______________): intended to promote _________& _________ among African Americans • Believed blacks needed to rely on themselves rather than ______________to get ahead

2. “_____________________________________________”: Garvey urged African Americans to seek their roots in Africa to regain racial pride • Election of 1928 • - By 1928 Republicans had led the nation for ______ years • - They pointed to their _________________ as their outstanding achievement • - ____________________________ wins the Republican nomination (against Alfred Smith (D)) • - Hoover was a self-made _______________________from the Midwest • - Won votes from ___________________Americans & big business alike • - American hoped Hoover would keep the country prosperous • - Less than a year after he becomes president,_____________________________________