The Internet: A Nursing Resource

1. The Internet: A Nursing Resource Nursing Informatics

2. What is Internet?

3. Network of computer networks • It is filled with over-growing number of sources of healthcare information. • It changed the way on how they interact with their patients. Not just assessing health status and teaching but are correcting misinformation, reassuring patients who have misinterpreted what they have found, and answering questions about new trends and treatments. • It is a constant source of up-to-date professional information. • Use by nurses to network to all colleagues, sharing their knowledge and learning from each other.

4. History of the Internet • ARPA(Advanced Research Project Agency) • Pres. Eisonhower • Work with RAND Corp. think how to solve the problem of how U.S. authorities could communicate after the nuclear war • Packet switching invented by Paul Barran

5. Who controls the Internet? • The Internet itself has no owners, censors, bosses, board of directors or stockholders. • In principle, any computer or networks that obeys the protocols, which are technical, not social or political, can be an equal player.

6. ISOC • Is the overall organizing force, an international, nonprofit, professional membership organization with no governmental allegiances. • It comprised over 150 organizations and 16000 individual members that represent over 180 nations. • The society works to maintain standards, develop public policy, provide education and increase membership.

7. The Technology Behind the Internet • Protocol – just an agreed on format for doing something. • On the Internet, protocols determine how data will be transmitted between two devices, the type of error checking that will be performed, how data compression is accomplished, how sending computer will signal that it has finished sending a message, and how receiving computer will signal that it has received message. • As user, your concern should be that the software and hardware you are using supports the protocols of the computer or device with which you wish to have computer communicate.

8. Protocols • TCP and IP are the main protocols on which the functioning of the Internet is dependent. • TCP allows computers to connect to a network and exchange data. This protocol carries out the task of breaking messages into small packets. • IP is a lower level protocol, which is responsible for making decisions about these packets and routing them. • HTTP – protocols that support WWW. • FTP – which permits users to send all types of electronic files over the Internet • Telnet – allows users to access a distant computer as though they were sitting in front of it.

9. DNS • Pioneer in the protocols that allow DNS to work was Paul Mockapetris • It permits us to give globally unique names to networks and computers. • Benefits : • Name is easier to remember • Name allows to change physical location that is transparent to the user.

10. DNS A series of characters makes up each domain name. These strings, called “labels” are separated by dots. The right-most label in a domain name is referred to as its “top-level domain” (TLD)

11. TLD • .aero – for the air transport industry • .biz – for business • .com – commercial/business organizations • .coop – for cooperatives • .edu – restricted to 4 year degree granting institutions • .gov – government • .info – for all uses • . Int – international treaty • .mil – for military • .name – for individuals • . net – network resources • . org – nonprofit organizations • .pro – for professionals

12. ICANN • Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers • Was created in October 1998 to be responsible for technical coordination of the Internet. • It is a non-profit, private sector corporation, which is coalition of business, academics, technical and user communities.

13. Use of the Internet-Then and Now • FTP • The method used by early Internauts to upload files to and download files from distant computers • Used the Internet’s TCP/IP protocols for the transfer of data • Uploading • Downloading

14. Use of the Internet-Then and Now • Telnet • A terminal emulation program that is part of the TCP/IP protocols • Allows a connecting computer to behave like a terminal for a distant computer regardless of the type of computer • A log in and password are required to begin a Telnet session • Often used to control Web servers remotely

15. Use of the Internet-Then and Now • Usenet News and Online Forums • Discussion groups on the Internet • Online forums are often set up by organizations to allow members, or anyone, depending on how the forum is organized, to share ideas. • Forums were originally accessed by Telnet but today they are usually accessed through a web site.

16. E-mail • One of the most popular uses for the Internet remains the ability to send and receive electronic main or e-mail. • An e-mail address has two parts, separated by the “@” sign • User name, user ID or login name Clara.Barton@RedCross.org User id name of computer domain name

17. E-mail • Use of Emoticons and Abbreviations • Accurately judge the mode of the sender, the practice of typing characters available on a standard keyboard to form a “picture” • E-mail Etiquette • Using all capital letters is considered “shouting” • Using subject for your e-mail • Signed • A signature file contains the information that you want added automatically. • Name, e-mail address, it should not be longer than 6 lines

18. E-mail • Organizing Receive Files • Provides a way to create folders and transfer a receive message to them • File Attachments • Cautions and Suggestions • Virus • Spam • To charge small fee for sending e-mail