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ULOGA RIZNICE U EFIKASNOSTI POSLOVANJA KORPORACIJE

ULOGA RIZNICE U EFIKASNOSTI POSLOVANJA KORPORACIJE. Dr. sc. LJUBO JURČIĆ EKONOMSKI FAKULTET ZAGREB. RIZNICA. Odgovorna : Za upravljanje gotovinom i vrijednosnim papirima Za planiranje strukture kapitala Za trgovinu dionica i obveznica

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ULOGA RIZNICE U EFIKASNOSTI POSLOVANJA KORPORACIJE

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  1. ULOGA RIZNICE U EFIKASNOSTI POSLOVANJA KORPORACIJE Dr. sc. LJUBO JURČIĆ EKONOMSKI FAKULTET ZAGREB

  2. RIZNICA Odgovorna: • Za upravljanje gotovinom i vrijednosnim papirima • Za planiranje strukture kapitala • Za trgovinu dionica i obveznica • Za pokriće kamatnog, deviznog, likvidnog i drugih rizika u financijskom poslovanju

  3. RIZNICA Nadgleda: • Upravljanje kreditima • Upravljanje zalihama • Planiranje dugoročnih investicija (capital budgeting) • Učestvuje u izradi strateškog plana

  4. RIZNICA • Uzima od poduzeća koja imaju višak i posuđuje poduzećima u grupi koji imaju manjak novčanih sredstava • Višak novca plasira na novčanom tržištu • Posuđuje novac na financijskom tržištu sukladno strategiji poslovanja

  5. FINANCIJSKI SEKTOR U KORPORACIJI Vice-President/Manufactur Vice-President/Finance Vice-President/Sales • Manages Directly Cash and Marketable Securities • Plans the Firm’s Capital Structure. Treasurer Controler Credit Manager Inventory Manager Director of Capital Budgeting Cost Accounting Financial Accounting Tax Department

  6. b Diminishing returns set in here b Ukupna proizvodnja, prosječni i granični prinos Godišnje proizvodnje Q Q Input X 1 Q / X1 ΔQ/ΔX1 PP Input X ! fig GP

  7. d Maximum output d Ukupna proizvodnja, prosječni i granični prinos Q Vrijednost godišnje proizvodnje b Količina inputa X1 b PP = Q/X1, GP = ΔQ /ΔX1 PP Količina inputa X1 fig GP

  8. KONTOLING I FINANCIJE 1. R & D Q / X1 = GP1 K O N T R O L I N G F I N A N C I J E 2.PRIPREMA PROIZVODNJE Q / X2 = GP2 3. NABAVA Q / X3 = GP3 4. a) PROIZVODNJA b) PROIZVODNJA Q / X4 = GP4 Q / X5 = GP5 5. MARKETING 6. PRODAJA Q / X6 = GP6 7. SERVIS NAKON PRODAJE Q / X7 = GP7

  9. KONTOLING I FINANCIJE 1. R & D K O N T R O L I N G FINANCIJSKO F I NANCIJSKO F I N A N C I J E R I Z N I C A 2.PRIPREMA PROIZVODNJE TRŽIŠTE TRŽIŠTE 3. NABAVA 4. a) PROIZVODNJA b) PROIZVODNJA 5. MARKETING 6. PRODAJA 7. SERVIS NAKON PRODAJE

  10. OPTIMALIZACIJA ULAGANJA Optimalna se kombinacija ulaganja u proizvodne inpute (ili djelatnosti) ostvaruje onda i samo onda kad je odnos graničnog prinosa (proizvoda) pojedinog inputa (faktora) i njegove cijene jednak za sve inpute.. . . . .

  11. OPTIMALIZACIJA ULAGANJA ∂Q / X1 ∂Q / X2 ∂Q / X3 ∂Q / Xn = = = PX1 PX2 PX2 PXn

  12. TOKOVI GOTOVINE – CASH FLOWS FINANCIJSKO TRŽIŠTE (F) Prihodi od emitiranih vrijednosnica Investiranje poduzeća u imovinu Kratkoročno kreditiranje Dividende i otplate kredita (C) Zadržana dobit Dugoročno kreditiranje Kratkotrajna imovina Dugotrajna imovina (B) Novčani tok iz poduzeća Tržište vrijednosnica (E) (A) Ukupna vrijednost imovine Država (D) Ukupna vrijednost poduzeća za investitore na novčanom tržištu

  13. BRUTO VRIJEDNOST PROIZVODNJE

  14. ECONOMIC VALUE ADDED - EVA Economic Value Added is determined by subtracting a capital charge for the business assets from the operating profit (NOPAT – net operating profit after tax). The cost of capital accounts for both the cost of equity and the cost of debt. NOPAT before financing interest and after tax 14 Economic Value Added (EVA) 4 Capital charge 10 Business assets: 100 Cost of capital: 10%

  15. Elimination and avoidance of unproductive assets (Asset Management) For the increase of the GWB the increase of the turnover – ratio of the assets employed is an important factor; the actions of improvement focus on the major asset-categories: fixed assets, inventories, receivables and payables • Actions of improvements: • Reductions of employed fixed assets • Cost reductions in mechanical • engineering • Reductions of production steps • Increase of the productivity • of the capital • Reduction of inventories (Total Supply • Chain-Process) • Reduction of receivables (Order to • Cash-Process) • Increase of payables • (Purchase to Pay-Process) Intangible Assets Fixed Assets Fixed Assets Financial Assets Net- Current Assets Inventories Turnover-ratio= Turnover/Assets Receivables Total assets Inventories Receivables Payables Fixed assets Payables Net-current assets

  16. The main drivers of theECONOMIC VALUE ADDED - EVA A long-term success of increasing the EVA can only be achieved by employing all three main drivers * NOPAT Cost of capital Business assets EVA = Businessassets Increase return on business already employed Growth through investment in projects with a positive business value Elimination of unproductive assets

  17. 5 ACTION POINTS HELP IN REDUCING WORKING CAPITAL 1. DIFERRENTIATION 2. STANDARDIZATION 3. ELIMINATION 4. INTEGRATION 5. CONTROLLING

  18. UMJESTO ZAKLJUČKA Uspjeh korporacije ovisi o: • Cash management • Credit management • Assets management

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