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INTRODUCTION TO HMIS/DHIS

INTRODUCTION TO HMIS/DHIS. Many business managers operate in an information fog bank , no right information at the right time to make an informed decision . This results in under performance, under production, misallocation of resources and poor response times. Poor outcomes raise costs.

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INTRODUCTION TO HMIS/DHIS

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  1. INTRODUCTION TO HMIS/DHIS Many business managers operate in an information fog bank, no right information at the right time to make an informed decision. This results in under performance, under production, misallocation of resources and poor response times. Poor outcomes raise costs. HMIS: to respond to needs at the right time.
  2. INTRODUCTION TO HMIS/DHIS The ability to collect, analyse and utilizereliable data is vital for health workers to provide cost-efficient and effective health care to the population. Timely and accurate information is crucial for policy makers to be able to make well-informed decisions to improve national health care.
  3. INTRODUCTION TO HMIS/DHIS The current situation is far from ideal. Data collected using paper and pencil is prone to transcription errors, loss and damage. Using handwritten data also takes time to enter into databases, which is another process prone to human error.
  4. INTRODUCTION TO HMIS/DHIS The quality of health services delivery is constrained by the poor quality and high costs of existing communications services. Health institutions have poor access to accurate and timely information. Data rarely reach policy makers in time for informed decision making.
  5. INTRODUCTION TO HMIS/DHIS Lack of access to conventional medical and public health information resources, such as journals is another reason why the quality of health service delivery is constrained. (Poor reading culture).
  6. Definition of basic concepts Data: streams of raw facts representing events occurring in organisations or the physical environment before they have been organised and arranged into a form that people can understand & use, eg. At “X” health facility: diarrhoea- 2 patients assaults- 5 malaria- 5 patients pneumonia- 3
  7. Definition of basic concepts Information: Data that has been shaped into a form that is meaningful and useful to human beings Information: totalled & analysed data, eg. deaths: 2 children below 5 yrs old 5 pregnant women during labour 3 assaulted patients in a riot total: 10
  8. Definition of basic concepts System: A collection of components that work together to achieve a common objective, eg. Pregnant women seeking VCT services. Post natal clinics. Family planning services Growth monitoring of children below 5 yrs. Hospital deliveries “Reproductive Health”
  9. Definition of basic concepts Information system: can be defined technically, as a set of interrelated components that collect (or retrieve), process, store & distribute information to support decision making & control in an organisation, eg.
  10. Definition of basic concepts Health facilities in District “Z” 2 govt. Clinics in “B”& “Y”compounds 1 local govt council dumping site in the western zone 1 Privately run family health service centre in “J”compound 1 local council abbatoir at the town centre
  11. Definition of basic concepts Information system : a system that provides information support to the decision making process at each level of an organisation. Health Management Information System: an information system specially designed to assist in the management & planning of health programmes as opposed to delivery of care.
  12. Definition of basic concepts Information Technology: consists of all the hardware & software that an organisation needs to use in order to achieve its business objectives, eg. Computer machines, disk drives, hand held mobile devices, software (windows operating systems), computer programs.
  13. Definition of basic concepts DHIS: The District Health Information System (DHIS) is a highly flexible, open-source health management information system and data warehouse. Developed by the Health Information Systems Programme (HISP) project network to nearly half of sub-Saharan Africa, where its use covers a population of 300-400 million people, and to a number of countries in Asia.
  14. DHIS DHIS is collaborating with the WHO-backed OpenMRS system. DHIS covers: Aggregated routine data (Facility attendances, disease pattern & burden, reports, mortalities, incidences & self assessments)
  15. DHIS Semi-permanent data (staffing, equipment, infrastructure, population estimates) Survey/audit data and certain types of case-based on patient-based data (for instance disease notification or patient satisfaction surveys).
  16. DHIS The system supports the capture of: data linked to any level in an organisational hierarchy any data collection frequency a high degree of customisation at both the input and output side.
  17. DHIS The District Health Information System (DHIS) provides for data entry, report generation, and analysis. It is part of a larger initiative for health care data in developing countries, called the Health Information System Programme (HISP).
  18. DHIS AIMS The implementation of a District Health Management Information System (D-HMIS) aims: to improve the ability to collect, store and analyse accurate health data.
  19. DHIS AIMS Implementation of D-HMIS also aims: to increase data accuracy and effectiveness of intervention. Increases accountability and improve tracking of health trends in the district.
  20. DHIS Information on patient registrations, diagnoses, treatments, lab tests, billing and pharmacy records are being digitalised. The D-HMIS includes Information and Communications Technology (ICT) training and change management both at facility and district level.
  21. WHY DHIS? Development and implementation of sustainable and integrated health information systems that empower communities, health workers and decision makers to improve the coverage, quality and efficiency of health services
  22. Background to HMIS The Health Information Systems Programme (HISP) has since 1994 expanded from a pilot project in three Cape Town health districts to a global South-South-North network active in around 15 countries/states with over 200 million people in Africa and Asia. The network comprise universities, Ministries of Health and Research organisations.
  23. Background to HMIS Health sector reforms have necessitated countries, especially in Africa to update their information systems, in line with cooperating countries demands for accountability of resources. HOW? The global trend for evidence-based medicine and health care requires an approach to decision-making, which is based on a thorough analysis and interpretation of facts.
  24. Importance of HMIS It allows control It can be used for coordination of activities, systems & organisations. It allows many people to have access & share information to acquire knowledge.
  25. Importance of HMIS It supports decision making It allows analysis of problems, visualise complex subjects & create new services as solutions. Old centralised systems had put emphasis on generating statistics instead of generating information for planning and management
  26. Objectives of HMIS
  27. Rationale (Justification) for HMIS Crucial factor in the introduction of new health management information systems is the change of the corporate culture of health organisations towards information. Data collection and analysis of information is part of the work of all managers, from the lowest level to the highest level. They have to change their attitude towards decision-making and adopt principles of evidence-based health care.
  28. Design & Principles of HMIS Leading principles in the design of new information systems are: Decentralisation: data aggregation and analysis at the level of collection. Health workers use information for decentralised planning and monitoring.
  29. Design & Principles of HMIS Action-orientation: reduction of the data sets to a manageable quantity, concentrating on those pieces of information needed for immediate decision making. Integration: moving away from data collection, aggregation and analysis along vertical lines, where information is not shared between programmes.
  30. Design & Principles of HMIS Linkage between systems: vital statistics, disease surveillance, health services statistics, financial data and human resources data are linked to provide information for essential performance indicators.
  31. Design & Principles of HMIS Flexibility: information needs change over time and differ between locations. Systems must take this into account and incorporate alternative data collection methods, like sentinel surveillance, surveys and rapid appraisals.
  32. Obstacles in HMIS Development Major obstacle in development of new health information systems has been the donor demands regarding special information systems, requiring very specific indicators or data sets to be monitored. Donors and government joining hands in financing and monitoring, could make an end to the verticalisation of the information systems.
  33. Introduction to Management Information system Information systems are an integral part of any organisation. Organisations have structures of different levels and specialities. Upper levels consist of managerial, professional & technical employees. The lower level consist of operational personnel.
  34. Introduction to Management Information system Senior management: make long range strategic decisions about services or products as well as ensures financial performance of the organisation.
  35. Introduction to Management Information system Middle management: carries out the programmes & plans of senior management. They use Decision -Support Systems (DSS) for non routine decision making on problems that are unique & rapidly changing, whose procedure for arriving at a solution may not be fully defined in advance. Eg of DSS use in a situation.
  36. Introduction to Management Information system Operational management: responsible for monitoring the daily activities of the business. they use systems that keep track of the elementary activities & transactions of an organisation (Transactions Processing Systems). What TPS can be found in a health facility?
  37. What TPS can be found in a health facility? Accounts section HR HMIS Reports Manager Supplies & logistics
  38. Introduction to Management Information system Knowledge workers: (Scientists, Engineers, Health practitioners), design products or services & create new knowledge for the organisation. What products or services can be designed or created?
  39. Introduction to Management Information system Data workers: (Secretaries & Clerks), assist with paper work at all levels. What type of raw data do you need for your product or service?
  40. Introduction to Management Information system Production or service workers: produce the product & deliver the service. What type of production workers do you need? What product will they make & what services will they produce?
  41. Introduction to Management Information system END OF LECTURE 1, THANK YOU!
  42. Quality management and Legal terms of health information
  43. Components and National indicator datasets
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