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Advanced Voltage Stability Study for PFN Systems in Accelerators

This study explores voltage stability and regulation in power supply systems for accelerators, addressing pulse-to-pulse repeatability, charging voltage ratios, and overall system performance. It includes theoretical analysis and practical considerations for optimizing stability. Results from PFN systems and potential areas of improvement are discussed, along with the importance of PFN monitoring and diagnostics. The paper also suggests equipment recommendations for enhanced diagnostics and proposes further studies for addressing system instabilities.

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Advanced Voltage Stability Study for PFN Systems in Accelerators

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  1. L1S after AIP (2013) M. Ross, March 7, 2013

  2. Schedule update Minh Nguyen AIP Review 2/20/2013

  3. Theoretical PFN voltage stability and regulation range • Power supply rated: 50kV, 2.5kJ/sec peak, 40kHz switching freq. • Peak charge current: • Ipk = 2 (Ppk /Vrated) = 2(2.5kJ/50kV) = 100mA • Voltage variations: • ∆V = Ipk x 0.5Tsw /Cpfn= 100mA x 12.5µs/0.7µF = 1.78V • Pulse to pulse repeatability: • 1.78V / 50kV = 36 ppm • Charging voltage-time ratio: • Vchg/Tchg = Ipk /Cpfn = 100mA /0.7µF = 143 V/ms • For 4ms charge time (120Hz operation)  Vchg = 572V • PFN voltage regulation range = 572V / 50kV = 1.1% Minh Nguyen AIP Review 2/20/2013

  4. Ling Pulse stability: • At 100 ppm – L1S contributes 25% of total observed energy jitter LCLS injector stability March 7, 2013

  5. Modulator upgrade circuit (in red lines) Modulator Output: 360 kV, 420 A , 151 MW peak, 91 kW Ave. @ 120 Hz LCLS injector stability March 7, 2013

  6. LCLS injector stability March 7, 2013

  7. 2011 Pulse stability: • At 100 ppm – L1S contributes 25% of total observed energy jitter LCLS injector stability March 7, 2013

  8. PFN monitor • PFN charging stability is generally assumed to be critical. • PFN voltage diagnostics? • Klystron / Thyratron studies? • Filament • Magnet • Stability • Drive LCLS injector stability March 7, 2013

  9. Teledyne LeCroy: • 6 ppm offset voltage step resolution (best case) at 100 MHz –  Recommend this equipment to be permanently installed and developed as an integrated diagnostic  LCLS injector stability March 7, 2013

  10. Possible L1S Studies • ‘Heater hum’ (60 Hz filament transformer 5045 beam steering) • Known source of 60 Hz. • Instability is seen when the linac timing shifts phase wrt transformer AC • Klystron magnet • Magnet PS stability ? • Klystron stability • Harmonic content and drive mapping All of the above will require observation with higher resolution probes following AIP completion. LCLS injector stability March 7, 2013

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