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骨質密度檢測

骨質密度檢測. Normal Trabecular Bone. Osteoporosis Bone. Regulators of Bone Metabolism. Parathyroid hormone (PTH) Vitamin D Estrogen Calcitonin. Risk Factors for Osteoporosis. Environmental sedentary lifestyle calcium or vitamin D deficiency prolonged steroid or thyroid hormone use

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骨質密度檢測

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  1. 骨質密度檢測

  2. Normal Trabecular Bone Osteoporosis Bone

  3. Regulators of Bone Metabolism • Parathyroid hormone (PTH) • Vitamin D • Estrogen • Calcitonin

  4. Risk Factors for Osteoporosis • Environmental • sedentary lifestyle • calcium or vitamin D deficiency • prolonged steroid or thyroid hormone use • young women with amenorrhea from intensive exercise • males undergoing hormonal treatment for prostatic cancer • smoking • excessive alcohol or caffeine consumption • Genetic • Caucasian or Asian descent • small, thin frame • family history • postmenopausal women • hyperthyroidism

  5. 預防勝於治療 1.年輕時儲存最大量的骨本 2.適度的運動 3.適度鈣質攝取: • 每日鈣質攝取建議量 • 孩童︰ 出生至半歲 360 mg • 半歲至一歲 540 mg • 　 一歲至十歲 800 mg • 　 十歲至十八歲 1200 mg • 成年人︰ 停經前的婦女 1000 mg • 　 停經後的婦女 1500 mg • 　 男士 1000 mg • 　 懷孕期／哺乳中的婦女 2000 mg

  6. 含豐富鈣質的食物 • 乳類食品︰ 牛奶、乳酪、酸乳酪、雞蛋、蛋糕 • 豆類製品︰ 豆皮、豆腐乳、豆干、油豆腐 • 海鮮類︰ 含骨小魚、生蠔、蚌類、蝦米 • 蔬菜植物類︰頭髮菜、紫菜、海藻、芝麻、金針、九層塔、鹹菜干

  7. 增加食物中鈣質的訣竅 1.烹煮肉或骨頭的湯料時，加入少許醋便可增加鈣質含量。 2.燒其他的菜時，加入乳酪或豆腐。 3.製糕餅.餅乾.麵包及甜點時，加些脫脂奶粉。 4.使用氯化鈣來取代食鹽（氯化鈉）以醃製蔬菜及水果。 

  8. 常見的鈣片補充劑問題 • Q: 飯前或飯後服用? • A: • 碳酸鈣 : 必需有胃酸存在才能吸收, 所以 在飯後半小時內服用 • 檸檬酸鈣 : 不必靠胃酸, 所以沒有服用時 間的限制

  9. Q: 服用鈣片過多會結石? • A: 因個人體質而異, 但是服用鈣片應該避免同時食用高草酸的食物(如菠菜), 而檸檬酸鈣因為含檸檬酸鹽, 可以防止草酸結石

  10. Q: 維生素D是作什麼用? • A: 幫助小腸吸收鈣離子, 如果沒有維生素D,鈣幾乎無法吸收.

  11. Q: 吃多少鈣會過量? • A: 每日攝取五公克以上鈣質即是過量。

  12. 影響鈣吸收的因素 • 1.腸道吸收功能的好壞。 • 2.維生素D是否充足（陽光照射是否足夠）。 • 3.肝功能／腎功能是否健全。

  13. Osteoporosis Patient at age 50... And 25 years later

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