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Status of T2K

June 14, 2010 Neutrino 2010 @Athens, Greece. Status of T2K. Takashi Kobayashi KEK For T2K collaboration. The T2K Collaboration. ~500 members, 61 Institutes, 12 countries. Canada TRIUMF U. Alberta U. B. Columbia U. Regina U. Toronto U. Victoria York U. France CEA Saclay

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Status of T2K

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  1. June 14, 2010 Neutrino 2010 @Athens, Greece Status of T2K Takashi Kobayashi KEK For T2K collaboration

  2. The T2K Collaboration ~500members, 61 Institutes, 12 countries Canada TRIUMF U. Alberta U. B. Columbia U. Regina U. Toronto U. Victoria York U. France CEA Saclay IPN Lyon LLR E. Poly. LPNHE Paris Germany U. Aachen Poland A. Soltan, Warsaw H.Niewodniczanski, Cracow T. U. Warsaw U. Silesia, Katowice U. Warsaw U. Wroclaw Russia INR S. Korea N. U. Chonnam U. Dongshin U. Sejong N. U. Seoul U. Sungkyunkwan Spain IFIC, Valencia IFAE (Barcelona) Switzerland U. Bern U. Geneva ETH Zurich United Kingdom Imperial C. London Queen Mary U. L. Lancaster U. Liverpool U. Oxford U. Sheffield U. Warwick U. Italy INFN, U. Roma INFN, U. Napoli INFN, U. Padova INFN, U. Bari Japan ICRR Kamioka ICRR RCCN KEK Kobe U. Kyoto U. Miyagi U. Edu. Osaka City U. U. Tokyo STFC/RAL STFC/Daresbury USA Boston U. B.N.L. Colorado S. U. Duke U. Louisiana S. U. Stony Brook U. U. C. Irvine U. Colorado U. Pittsburgh U. Rochester U. Washington

  3. T2K (Tokai to Kamioka) experiment • High intensity nm beam from J-PARC MR to Super-Kamiokande @ 295km • Discovery of ne appearance  Determine q13 • Last unknown mixing angle • Open possibility to explore CPV in lepton sector • Precise meas. of nm disappearance  q23, Dm232 • Really maximum mixing? Any symmetry? Anytihngunexpected? sinq12~0.5, sinq23~0.7, sinq13<0.2)

  4. Remarkable Features of T2K • High intensity neutrino beam from J-PARC • First “Super beam” experiment w/ O(MW) beam • Narrow spectrum tuned at the oscillation maximum. • First application of “Off-axis beam” (cf. BNL-E889 proposal) • Less background, High sensitivity • World largest water Cherenkov detector SuperKamiokande • High efficiency for low energy • Good PID (e/m) capability • Neutrino energy reconstruction by using Quasi-elastic (QE) interaction (nl+n l- + p) • s~80MeV • Oscillation pattern measurement • BG due to miss-reconstruction of inelastic interaction • Greatly improved by using narrow spectrum

  5. Expected Sensitivity of T2K nmdisappearance nmne appearance MINOS, PRL 101, 131802 (2008) >10times improvement 3.75MWx107s dCP=0 • Goal @ 3.75MWx107s: • d(sin22q23)~0.01, • d(Dm223) <1×10-4 [eV2] 5 5

  6. Experimental Setup Super-Kamiokande p p m-mon n off-axis on-axis 2.5o Near detectors • 2.5 deg Off-axis • Peak ~600MeV • Quasi-Elastic interaction dominate • Less Non-QE background • Muonmonitors @ ~120m • Muon > 5GeV • Spill-by-spill monitoring of direction/intensity • Near detector@280m • On-axis detector “INGRID” • Intensity and direction (profile) • Off-axis (toward SK direction) • Absolute flux/spectrum/ne • Far detector Super-Kamiokande @ 295km 0m 120m 280m 295 km MC (GFULUKA) nm flux (arb. unit)

  7. Linac 3 GeV Synchrotron Neutrino Beams(to Kamioka) Main ring CY2007 Beams JFY2008 Beams JFY2009 Beams J-PARC Facility (KEK/JAEA） Construction JFY2001~2008 South to North Design Intensity 750kW Bird’s eye photo in January of 2008

  8. Neutrino facility for T2K at J-PARC Fast Extracted (FX) beam from MR(30GeV) 6bunches (8 from Fall 2010) 581ns apart Proton beam transport Superconducting combined function magnets Graphite target (26mmfx90cm) 3 horns @ 320kA (250kA by summer) 110m of decay volume SK direction is given by GPS survey at 2mrad precision Muon monitors Electromagnetic horn Target Neutrino monitor bld. Construction (JFY2004~2008) COMPLETED as scheduled! Primary beamline (superconducting) 8

  9. 2 Near Detectors INGRID & off-axis completed in 2009 (Except side ECAL) Side ECAL installation in Summer 2010 Commissioning completed UA1 magnet (Donated From CERN) SMRD In magnet yoke Scintillator tracker & Iron sandwich

  10. Far Detector: SK-IV • 50kt Water Cherenkov detector operational since 1996 • 11129 20" PMTs in inner detector (ID), 1885 8" PMTs in outer detector (OD) • Readout electronics has been renewed in 2008 summer. • dead time less DAQ system • SK is working very stably • Beam related events are selected by event timing using GPS system. ICRR, Univ. of Tokyo

  11. Milestones • 1999: Nishikawa&Totsuka proposed to measure ne appearance as a next critical step toward CP measurement • 2001: “The JHF-Kamioka Neutrino Project” report (hep-ex/0106019) • April 2004: • Officially approved by Japanese Government and 5yr Construction started • T2K international collaboration officially formed • March 2009: Construction completed as scheduled • April 23, 2009: First neutrino beam production and commissioning started • January 2010: Data accumulation for oscillation search started! • Feb. 24, 2010: First T2K Event in Super-Kamiokande!

  12. Beam commissioning Horizontal: 1mm OTR detector just in front of target worked very well! Target size Beam orbit is tuned within 2mm from design orbit. (Critical for controlling beam loss) Vertical: 2mm Beam loss along proton beam line SSEM in SSEM out SSEM foil: 5x10-5 loss → real loss << 0.5W @50kW OTR beam Potision meas. Linearity No significant beam loss w/o SSEM

  13. Functionality of all components confirmed Beam commissioning COMPLETED Beam commissioning MUON MONITOR MEASUREMENTS Linear upto 70kW within 1% Horn focusing effect clearly seen Alighment &Targeting check Beam wid. ~4mm(1s) Target size

  14. Started data taking for oscillation! 70kW • Delivered # of protons: 2.34×1019 (Jan-May) • Continuous run @ ~50kW level • Trial upto 100kW done 50kW (2010)

  15. Beam position on target have to be controlled < 1mm To control direction of secondary beam within 1mrad To avoid destroying the target from non uniform thermal stress on target (at higher power) Succeeded to control <1mm during long term operation Current p+ B p beam p+ B Proton beam stability Correlation btw p beam position on target vs MUMON center Horn lens effect RMS 0.4mm 1mrad ~3mm RMS 0.4mm

  16. Beam direction is controlled well within 1mrad Secondary beam intensity (normalized by proton intensity) stable within 1% (reflects stability of targeting, horn focusing, etc) Stable well within our physics requirements Beam direction & intensity stabilitymeasured by Muon monitor May Jan Feb Mar Apr 10 Profile center (cm) 0 • Detector intrinsic resolution <1.5mm -10 RMS/MEAN < 1% (whole period) Mu(Si) Total Q/Np May Jan Feb Mar Apr

  17. Bunch structure clearly seen as expected Event rate is stable for wide range of intensity Beam direction well controlled within requirement (<1mrad) INGRID measurements

  18. Off-axis detector performances Very small number of bad channels dE/dx from TPC 32 0.4% Hit Efficiencies >99% For all layers (FGD) s~8% (400~500MeV/c)

  19. Off-axis detector n measurements FGD cluster timing Event rate are stable FGD P0D ECAL

  20. Super-Kamiokande Event Selection • J-PARC neutrino events selected by event timing using GPS • SK analysis is very well established • >20yrs of experiences w/ Water Cherenkov detector • Event selection & cut values are fixed already UNBIASED SELECTON • Selection criteria

  21. Observed SK events FC • Event time distribution clearly show beam structure • Observed # of Fully contained events: 22 (by Mid. May) • Expected non-beam BG: <10-2evts FC OD LE LE: Low energy triggered events OD: Outer detector events FC: Fully contained events

  22. SK events Single-ring m-like event Two-ring event Pink diamonds are placed on the wall in the beam direction starting from the reconstructed vertex.

  23. Analysis Strategy • Predict SK observations (nm, ne): Nm/e(Enrec,Posc) BASED ON T2K&NA61 measurementsas precisely as necessary • Then compare w/ SK observation • Intensive analysis of beam, near detector, NA61 and SK are on going Cross sect. SK Det. Responce Flux at SK Osc. Prob. Det. Eff. Enrec: Reconstructed neutrino energy Entrue: True neutrino energy (omitting integral of Entrue) SK flux Flux at ND Hadron production measurement NA61 Far-to-near extrapolation factor Normalization & Spectrum from ND measurements

  24. Hadron production measurement • CERN NA61 • Pilot run in 2007 and high statistics data in 2009 • p (30GeV) + C (thin target 4% λI and T2K replica target ) • Preliminary results on p production from 2007 thin target data were released. They are being implemented in T2K beam MC. Preliminary NA61 π+, 20% syst. error MC=GFLUKA Preliminary

  25. Future plan • Until end of June, 2010 • ~50kW • Jul – Fall, 2010 (Summer shutdown) • New Kicker magnets and power supply installation (68bunch) • Horn power supply replacement (Old K2K  New!) • Remaining ECAL installation • After Nov. 2010 • From ~100kW toward design power

  26. Summary • Construction completed Mar.2009 as scheduled • First beam on Apr.23, 2009 • Data accumulation for oscillation search started in Jan. 2010 • Continuous operation at ~50kW level • Accumulated 2.34E19 protons (Until June 1st, 2010) • Observed # of FC events: 22 (by Mid May) • After Summer: from ~100kW toward design power • Intensive analysis going on to extract physics! • Goal • Accumulate 0.75MW x 5x107sec (=3.75MWx107sec) • Discover ne appearance • sin22q13 down to 0.018 (3s), 0.008 (90%CL) • Precise measurement of nm disappearance • d(Dm232)~1x10-4eV2, d(sin22q23)~1%

  27. Posters on T2K • Masashi Otani (Kyoto U.), “The Result from the T2K Neutrino Beam Monitor INGRID” • Suzuki Kento (Kyoto U.), “T2K Beam Study with the Muon Monitor” • Tatsuya Kikawa (Kyoto U), “Development of the new T2K on-axis neutrino detector INGRID proton module” • Gavin Davies (Lancaster U.), “Understanding and Calibrating the Calorimeter for the T2K Near Detector” • Takatomi Yano (Kobe U.), “The Side Muon Range Detector for the T2K experiment” • Masahiro Shibata (KEK), “Commissioning of the neutrino beam facility for the first superbeam experiment T2K” • Georgios Christodoulou (U. of Liverpool), “T2K : Electron Neutrino Analysis at the Near Detector (ND280)” • Luigi Esposito (ETHZ), “NA61 data for T2K flux calculations” • Tomasz Palczewski, “Particle production cross-sections by 30GeV protons ” • Jeremy MaximeArgyriades (Geneva) “SHINE-NA61 experiment and applications for neutrino fluxes”

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