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The Ancient Egyptians (about 2000 B.C.) had a simple way of counting and recording numbers .

The Ancient Egyptians (about 2000 B.C.) had a simple way of counting and recording numbers. It was based very much like the decimal system the world uses today.

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The Ancient Egyptians (about 2000 B.C.) had a simple way of counting and recording numbers .

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  1. The Ancient Egyptians (about 2000 B.C.) had a simple way of counting and recording numbers. It was based very much like the decimal system the world uses today. It is similar because it uses 10 as the important number. With decimal notation 10 units make 1 ten; 10 tens make 1 hundred; 10 hundreds make 1 thousand etc. With Egyptian Glyphs 1 is represented by I; 10 is represented by ח; 100 is represented by ף For example, the number 253 would be represented by I I I חחחחחףף Resource Author: Ms Sam Stacey, Cherry Orchard Primary School, Birmingham

  2. 1) What numbers would be represented by: • IIII • II חחחחח • III חחחחףףף • IIIIII ףףףףף • חחחףףף • 2) How would you write these numbers using Glyphs: • 32 • 134 • 261 • 204 • 520 Answers on the next slide

  3. ANSWERS: Question1 a) 4 b) 52 c) 343 d) 506 e) 330 • Question2 • II חחח • IIII חחחף • I חחחחחחףף • IIII ףף • חחףףףףף

  4. ADDITION USING GLYPHS Addition with Glyphs is relatively straightforward. II חחח add III חחחח simply becomes IIIII חחחחחחח In Decimal Form: 32 + 43 = 75 I חחףףףף add II חחחף simply becomes III חחחחחףףףףף In Decimal Form: 421 + 132 = 553 If you have 10 of 1 character you simply replace it with 1 of the next highest character. IIIIIII ףף add IIIII חףף becomes IIIIIIIIIIII חףףףף But IIIIIIIIIIII becomes II ח, So IIIIIIIIIIII חףףףף becomes II חחףףףף In Decimal Form: 207 + 215 = 422

  5. Questions on ADDITION USING GLYPHS. • For each of the following make your calculations using Glyphs then change your final answer to decimal form. • IIIII חחח add II חח • II חחחף add I חחחחףף • IIIIIIIחחח add IIIII חחף • III חחחחחחף add II חחחחף • IIIIII חחחףף add IIIIII חחחחחחחח • IIIII חחחחחח add IIIII חחח Answers on the next slide

  6. Answers to Addition with Glyphs. • 57 • 373 • 162 • 305 • 322 • 100

  7. SUBTRACTION USING GLYPHS Subtraction with Glyphs is relatively straightforward too. IIIII חחחח subtract II ח IIIII חחחח subtract II ח leaves III חחח Decimal Form: 45 - 12 = 33 If there are not enough of a certain character to remove, then replace 1 of the next highest character with 10 of the smaller character. III חחח subtract IIIII ח There are not enough “I”s on the left hand side to take away so one “ח" is replaced with 10 “I”s. IIIIIIIIIIIII חח subtract IIIII ח IIIIIIIIIIIII חח subtract IIIII ח leaves IIIIIIII ח Decimal Form: 33 - 15 = 18

  8. Questions on SUBTRACTION USING GLYPHS. • For each of the following make your calculations using Glyphs then change your final answer to decimal form. • IIII חחחחח subtract III חח • IIIII חחחףף subtract II חחף • IIIII ףףףףף subtract IIIII ףף • III חחףףףף subtract II חח • I חחחחח subtract IIIII חח • III חחחףף subtract IIIIII חחף • חחחחףףף subtract חחחחחחחף • I חף subtract IIII ח • ף subtract IIII Answers on the next slide

  9. Answers to Subtraction with Glyphs. • 31 • 113 • 300 • 401 • 26 • 107 • 170 • 97 • 96

  10. MULTIPLICATION USING GLYPHS Multiplication with Glyphs is more complicated than addition or subtraction but the method can be used to make multiplication with decimals easier.

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