Chyi-Lyi (Kathleen) Liang Professor of Entrepreneurship and Applied Economics

1. Dream WeaverAn Entrepreneurial Approach to Design, Implement, and Promote Successful Integrated Programs Chyi-Lyi (Kathleen) Liang Professor of Entrepreneurship and Applied Economics The University of Vermont College of Agriculture and Life Sciences Department of Community Development and Applied Economics

2. Presentation Outline • Introduction – Personal and Professional Background • Path of Career Development • Foundation of Integrated Programs – Research, Extension, Teaching • Comparison of State and Regional Initiatives • Examples of Integrated Projects/Programs • Inter-disciplinary, trans-disciplinary, cross-institutional approach • Challenges and Opportunities • As a Faculty • As a Director for SRDC

3. Personal and Professional Background Taiwan

4. Land area: 12,456 sq mi (32,261 sq km); 70% mountains Population (2012 est.): 23,234,936 Key industries: Manufacturing, Tourism, Agriculture

6. Path of Career Development • PhD and MS – Purdue University, Agricultural Economics General Equilibrium Modeling, Fertilizer Tax Simulation, Nonpoint Pollution, FINPACK/EPIC/IMPLAN The first Ag Econ Graduate Instructor to teach Business Statistics at Krannert Graduate School of Business, and won Outstanding Graduate Instructor Award • BS – National Taiwan University, Agricultural Economics Benefit-Cost Analysis for Tourism and Nuclear Power Plants, National Seashore Preservation and Evaluation

7. Path of Career Development • University of Nebraska, Panhandle Research and Extension Center, Scottsbluff, Nebraska Research and Extension – economic analysis, experimental design winter wheat, sunflower, alfalfa, corn, soybean, livestock, buffalo + prairie dogs, dry edible beans, water distribution for irrigation Teaching – Agricultural Economics, joint appointment with Western Nebraska Community College

9. Foundation of Integrated Programs Extension/Outreach Extension/Outreach Teaching Research Research Health Education Employment Quality of Life Sustainability Feasibility Profitability Availability Accessibility Accountability Affordability Social Aspects Economic Aspects Ecological Aspects Political Aspects Observe New Trends Solve New Problems Dream New Concepts Technology Resources Opportunities Strategies Engagement Observe Trends Solve Problems Dream Concepts What  Why  How  So  Next Step

10. Comparison of State and Regional Initiatives Social Characteristics Economic Characteristics Ecological Characteristics Political Characteristics • Needs and Priorities • Culture • Endowment • Capacity • Infrastructure • Opportunities Issues and Concerns for Rural America

11. Examples of Integrated ProgramsMultifunctional Agriculture in the United StatesProject Funded by USDA AFRI Program, No 2011-67023-30106 (7/2011-6/2014)Co PI – Mary Ahearn (USDA ERS), Jason Brown (Federal Reserve), and Stephan Goetz (Penn State University) • Background • There has been a significant change in the farming activities among small and medium sized farms in the United States (USDA, 2012). • About 60% of the farms were very small, generating gross cash farm income of less than $10,000 annually (USDA, 2012) • The number of small farms, particularly the non-commercial farms, has slowly increased since 2002 (USDA, 2012), and many of them are engaged in multifunctional operations. • There has been limited information to assess farms’ contribution to community viability beyond traditional production of food and fiber.

12. Objectives • To design a framework to study multifunctional agriculture in New England and other regions in the U. S. • To examine the relationship between the multifunctional agriculture and farm profile, entrepreneurial characteristics, financial situations, reasons, challenges, risks, networks, expectations, and future outlook. • To integrate multiple sources of information to conduct research at state, regional, and national levels. • Primary field surveys (producer , enterprise, institution, and consumers), Census, National Agricultural Statistic Services, USDA Agricultural Risk Management Survey • Stakeholders, researchers, extension educators, service providers, USDA experts, community organizations (non-profit and for-profit), and government agencies at local, state, and national levels.

14. Findings and Work in Progress • Top reasons for farmers to choose multifunctional operations – income, connection with customers and community, promotion and education, health care. • The major issues for farmers - access to labor, financing, working capital, markets, and customers •  education, training, financial and risk management, user friendly tools for marketing, and reaching the balance between accessibility, affordability, and availability. • Multifunctional agriculture has significant impacts on state economic development, not at regional level. • We need better information to represent local and regional characteristics by sectors for rural areas. • We need to find a better way to compare and consolidate different sources of information representing enterprises and individual households at state and regional level.

15. Design and Implement New Ideas USDA Foundational Program, Entrepreneurship Division (PI) Understanding and Designing Long-Term Resilience in the US Food System: the Role of Entrepreneurship and Innovation in Supporting Regional Food Networks $500,000 July 2014 – June 2017 USDA Foundational Program, Rural Development Division (with University of New Hampshire and University of Maine) Sustaining and Enhancing Local Agriculture in Rural Areas: Assessing Key Producer and Consumer Issues in Northern New England $500,000 July 2014 – June 2017 USDA Foundational Program, Small and Medium Sized Farm Division (University of Vermont and other 5 institutions) Examining Farm Labor Decisions on Long-term Profitability and Farm Enterprise Development $500,000 July 2014 – June 2017

16. Design and Implement New Ideas(Under Review) National Science Foundation (with Dartmouth College) Biophysical and Social Interdependence of Integrated Food Energy Systems $700,000 July 2014 – June 2019 USDA Food Security Conference Grant (University of Vermont) Enhancing food security and rural viability through innovative food system practices and opportunities $50,000 2014-2015

17. Understanding and Designing Long-Term Resilience in the US Food System: the Role of Entrepreneurship and Innovation in Supporting Regional Food Networks

18. Networks for Collaborations and Interdisciplinary Approach Hawaii

20. How I Operate Listen, observe, and learn from others; and ask a lot of questions Obtain teamwork and consensus building activities; and offer support and guidance Value and respect diversity of individuals, ideas, and contributions Evaluate and explain objectives and priorities, delegate tasks to other people, and reward good performance

21. Challenges and Opportunities As a Director Goals and Objectives – SRDC Priorities – SRDC Time Management and Commitment Collaboration and Networks Explicit Leadership and Mentoring Position As a Faculty • Goals and Objectives – personal and institutional • Priorities – personal and institutional • Flexibility • Choices and Alternatives Desire, Discipline, Determination  Dream Comes True!

22. Dream WeaverAn Entrepreneurial Approach to Design, Implement, and Promote Successful Integrated Programs Chyi-Lyi (Kathleen) Liang Professor of Entrepreneurship and Applied Economics The University of Vermont College of Agriculture and Life Sciences Department of Community Development and Applied Economics