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Chapter 23

Chapter 23. History and Cultures of South Asia. Early History. By 2500 BC Indus River Valley: South Asia’s first cities Harappa and Mohenjo Daro Most Likely earthquakes and floods destroyed IR Valley cities between 1700 and 1500 BC

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Chapter 23

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  1. Chapter 23 History and Cultures of South Asia

  2. Early History • By 2500 BC Indus River Valley: South Asia’s first cities Harappa and MohenjoDaro • Most Likely earthquakes and floods destroyed IR Valley cities between 1700 and 1500 BC • About 1500BC Nomadic herders known as Aryans began settling in the area • Aryans developed a written form of Sankrit and recorded holy texts known as Vedas • They also developed 4 varnas or social groups

  3. Early History • Eventually the varnas developed into the caste or jati system. Jati are becoming less imprtnt • Hindus believe in reincarnation and karma. They do not have exct begin date or founder • Buddhism dev when Prince Guatama sought elightenment (8 Fold Path) 500 BC • Mauryan Empire(Asoka) 260 BC dedicated life to Buddhism • Gupta Empire (Chandra) Hindu Empire in N India 1-9 • Mogul leader Akbar formed an empire in early 1500’s

  4. Modern South Asia • 16 and 1700’s British est trading posts along Indian coast • 1857 Indians rebelled agnst British troops • Mnynegtivs but also mnypostvs such as railroads, bridges, ports and schools • Independmovmt led by Mohandas Gandhi in early 1900’s agnst British boycott and civ disobedience

  5. Modern South Asia • Divisions between Muslims and Hindus led to the creation of Pakistan and India by the British. Pakistan=Islam India=Hindu • In 1971 East Pakistan split from Pakistan and became Bangladesh • Maldives Islands gained ind from Brits in 1965 • India vs Pakistan over Kashmer in mountains

  6. People of South Asia • 1990’s India’s pop grew by 175 million • India’s pop density is very high 869 per sq mile • High pop densty created air and water pollut • Most live in rural areas howevr many are moving to cities for jobs grwing middle class • 19 major languages in S Asia and 15 official languages in India alone • Sherpa live in Himalaya and are great climbers

  7. People of South Asia • India’s governmnt is secular or non religious • Buddhism in Nepal, Sri Lanka and Nepal • Sikhism found in 1500 belief in one god India • TajMahalblt by Muslim ruler as tomb for wife • Sitar 7 and 10 string instrument from India • Several gens often live under the same roof • Freq marriages are arranged by two families

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