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Operation IRAQI FREEDOM (OIF)

Operation IRAQI FREEDOM (OIF). SAMPLES OF BEHAVIOR. - SOB #5: Summarize how air and space power was used in the military campaign in IRAQ. - SOB #6: Explain the emerging lessons from Operation IRAQI FREEDOM (OIF). OIF Background.

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Operation IRAQI FREEDOM (OIF)

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  1. Operation IRAQI FREEDOM (OIF)

  2. SAMPLES OF BEHAVIOR • - SOB #5: Summarize how air and space power was used in the military campaign in IRAQ. • - SOB #6: Explain the emerging lessons from Operation IRAQI FREEDOM (OIF)

  3. OIF Background • After major combat operations in Afghanistan ended, the US shifted focus to Saddam Hussein’s regime • UN Resolution 687 codified Cease Fire Agreement for the Gulf War • Iraq was testing and breaking these agreements

  4. OIF Background • Paragraph 8 stated that Iraq must “…unconditionally accept the destruction, removal, or rendering harmless, under international supervision of:” • All chemical/biological weapons • All ballistic missiles with range greater than 150 km

  5. OIF Background • Paragraph 12 addressed nuclear capabilities, stating that Iraq must “…agree not to acquire or develop nuclear weapons or nuclear-weapon-usable material • Paragraph 32, with regards to terrorism, stated that “…[Iraq] will not commit or support any act of international terrorism”

  6. OIF Background • 12 Sept 2002: President Bush addressed the UN General Assembly to highlight observed violations and attempt to gather further international support for action against Iraq • 16 Oct 2002: President Bush signed the Iraq War Resolution   • 8 Nov 2002: The UN Security Council passed Resolution 1441

  7. OIF Background • Dr. Blix (chief UN investigator) reported non-cooperation to the UN Security Council multiple times • In February 2003, Secretary Powell addressed the UN Security Council

  8. OIF Background • 16 Mar 2003: President Bush demanded senior leaders leave Iraq within 48 hours • 19 Mar 2003: President Bush addressed the nation stating that military operations had begun in Iraq

  9. OIF Campaign • OIF Air Campaign = Operations NORTHERN WATCH and SOUTHERN WATCH • Not a single Iraqi Combat Sortie during OIF

  10. OIF Campaign • ISR: Of the 1,801 aircraft used during OIF, 80 aircraft were dedicated to the ISR mission…RQ-1 Predator, RQ-4 Global Hawk, UAVs, EP-3, P-3C Orion, U-2, E-8C (JSTARS), and RC-135 Rivet Joint • 1,000 ISR sorties collected: • 3,200 hours of streaming video • 2,400 hours of SIGINT • 42,000 battlefield images • ISR managed from the CAOC, located at PSAB, under the command of the CFACC, Lt. General Moseley

  11. OIF Campaign • Strategic Attack: On 5 Apr 2003, coalition forces attacked General Ali Hassan Majid’s (“Chemical Ali”) home  • 7 Apr 2003: Strategic Attack operations continued as US planes attacked a building, targeting Saddam and sons

  12. OIF Timeline • Counterair: 21 Mar 2003, Special Ops Forces took control of two airfields • Numerous Counterair and Interdiction missions were conducted throughout OIF  

  13. OIF Timeline • Counterland: • 24 Mar 2003: B-52 aircraft interdict Republican Guard positions South of Baghdad • Counterland Historical Perspective • Battle of the Bulge • Battle of Baghdad

  14. OIF Timeline • Counterspace • SCA • OIF Roles • Weather • ISR • GPS

  15. OIF Timeline • Airlift/Refueling: 24,196 sorties during initial phase of OIF • 6,193 refueling sorties • 376.4 million pounds of fuel • OIF/OEF airlift one of the most extensive in history • Airlift Shortfall Issues • Short 10 million ton miles per day

  16. OIF Lessons Learned • Joint Operations have matured • Conventional forces and Special Ops forces integrated well • Precision munitions continued to improve

  17. OIF Lessons Learned • Areas for improvement • Fratricide prevention and combat identification systems • Cumbersome deployment planning and execution processes • Information sharing at all levels • More bandwidth • HUMINT capabilities to meet new GWOT challenges

  18. NEXT WEEK April 12/14: Chapter 23: “USAF CONOPS” Chapter 24: “Air and Space Power Review”

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