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Microbial Pathogenesis MMIC 7050

Overview:. Selected current topics in Infectious Diseases: Pathogenicity aspectGuided Self-study and Interactive learning experience (**COME PREPARED**!!)Each ?Block" is ~ 2 weeks; (14 in total) - Overview lecture (1.5 ? 2 hrs) - Student lecture (3 - 4 /block, each 1 Hr). Learning Objectives. Pathogenesis of Selected organismsMolecular basis of mechanismsCritique of models used Relate individual pathogens to block concept/themeUltimately: understanding of selected pathogens and common mechanisms of Host evasion used in disease process.

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Microbial Pathogenesis MMIC 7050

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    1. Microbial Pathogenesis MMIC 7050 Course Coordinator: Michelle Alfa Tel: 237-2105 E-mail: malfa@sbgh.mb.ca

    2. Overview: Selected current topics in Infectious Diseases: Pathogenicity aspect Guided Self-study and Interactive learning experience (**COME PREPARED**!!) Each “Block” is ~ 2 weeks; (14 in total) - Overview lecture (1.5 – 2 hrs) - Student lecture (3 - 4 /block, each 1 Hr)

    3. Learning Objectives Pathogenesis of Selected organisms Molecular basis of mechanisms Critique of models used Relate individual pathogens to block concept/theme Ultimately: understanding of selected pathogens and common mechanisms of Host evasion used in disease process

    4. Grading System

    5. Process: Approx 4 weeks before presentation, Presenter and Readers will be notified of topic by e-mail Key references provided on website Block lecturer; overview prior to student presentations Student presentations; powerpoint presentation and summary submitted by Monday noon? posted on website Reader: initiate questions & discussion after Presenter gives session All information is examinable

    6. Student Presentation Guideline Oral presentation: 40 minutes followed by 20 minutes of discussion Written summary (6 pages max; excluding figures and references) - provide summary of key info Grading scheme to be used by block lecturer

    10. Plagiarism: Ensure you know what is included in plagiarism - see U of M website - review Course outline material sent Reports & Presentations: - do not “cut & paste” text from anywhere on the web or other sources - acknowledge source for any pictures, figures, tables etc

    11. Class Input: Exam 4: April 21 or April 28?? Ensure you notify me if you are going to a conference (I will try to ensure topic assignment does not clash) Volunteer: Class Evaluations

    12. Natural Human Flora What organisms are part of normal flora Where do they colonize - microbial ecosystems How are they able to cause disease? - exposure - virulence factors

    13. Normal Flora Location:

    17. Human Gastrointestinal Tract Stomach: pH 2.0, ~102-103 cfu/ml Small Intestine: pH 8.0, ~ 104-108 cfu/ml Colon: pH 6-7, ~ 1011 – 1012 cfu/ml

    18. Human Gut Microbiome Majority of bacteria in gut are uncharacterized Short Chain Fatty Acids (propionate, acetate, butyrate) from microbial fermentation supply ~10% of host energy requirements) Imbalance in microbiome can lead to disease (e.g. C.difficile, Crohn’s, etc) Microbiome sequencing expanding our understanding

    21. Microbes & Human Disease: A Dynamic Continuum “Wicked” Presence indicative of disease (e.g. M.tuberculosis, C.trachomatis, HIV) “Waffler”: Dose & Host affected (e.g. S.pneumoniae, N.meningitidis) “Woosy”: Rarely harmful (e.g. Lactobacillus, Bacillus)

    22. Global Causes of Death 1997

    23. Disease Burden in Humans

    24. Reportable Organisms

    25. Bacterial Pathogens: Isolates/year; Diagnostic Lab Escherichia coli: 1637 Staphylococcus aureus: 1643 Pseudomonas aeruginosa: 716 Staphylococcus epidermidis: 690 Klebsiella pneumoniae: 414 Enterococcus faecalis: 833 Haemophilus influenzae: 156 Bacteroides fragilis: 50 Streptococcus pneumoniae: 57

    26. Friend or Foe??!!

    27. Studying Pathogenesis Human volunteers (Tuskegee experiment 1930’s & 1940’s) Animal models (ID50, LD50 ), Molecular basis of damage In vitro models (tissue/organ culture, reactor vessels) - Molecular mechanisms

    28. Disease Prevention?? Host risk factors (avoidance) - travelers (boil it, peel it, uncap it) - unprotected Sex Treatment: - antimicrobic - pro/pre biotics Vaccines

    29. Summary: Where do Normal Flora exist What organisms are considered Normal Flora (Gram stain and names) Gut Microbiome; role in health of host Normal Flora; role in infection Prevention/Treatment of infection due to Normal Flora

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