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Mythical Legends of Crete: Europa, Minos, and the Minotaur

Explore the captivating myths of Europa, King Minos, Pasiphaë, the Minotaur, Daedalus, and Icarus in ancient Crete. Discover the intricate stories woven with gods, monsters, and heroes in this fascinating Mediterranean lore.

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Mythical Legends of Crete: Europa, Minos, and the Minotaur

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  1. Chapter Sixteen, Lecture One Myths of Crete

  2. Europa and the Bull

  3. Europa and the Bull • Agenor (Semitic “leader of men”) • Brother Belus (=Baal, “lord”) ruled in Egypt • Agenor settled in Phoenicia • Europa • Cadmus • Cilix • Phoenix

  4. Europa and the Bull • Agenor sends sons to look for her • Phoenix stays near home = Phoenicia • Cilix goes to southern Turkey = Cilicia • Cadmus goes to Thebes = Cadmeia

  5. Europa and the Bull • Europa’s Sons on Crete • Minos • Sarpedon • Rhadamanthys • Talus (the bronze giant) • Laelaps (the magic dog)

  6. Minos and Pasiphaë

  7. Minos and Pasiphaë • As a sign that he should be king, Minos asks Poseidon to send a bull, which he will sacrifice • Poseidon sends the bull, but Minos sacrifices another one • Married Pasiphaë, a daughter of Helius • Ariadne, Androgeus

  8. Minos and Pasiphaë • Makes Pasiphaë lust for the bull • Daedalus from Athens is in Crete • Left Athens after killing his nephew and student Perdix over a patent quarrel about the saw • Daedalus makes a device for Poseidon and her “bull-friend” • Minotaur is born

  9. Minos and Pasiphaë • Minos asks Daedalus to build a prison for the Minotaur • Labyrinth

  10. Minos and Scylla

  11. Minos and Scylla • Androgeus (a son of Minos) enters athletic contest in Athens and defeats all the local boys • Aegeus orders him to fight a wild bull at Marathon and Androgeus is killed • Minos collects his fleet and moves to attack Athens

  12. Minos and Scylla • On his way, he attacks Megara, ruled by Nisus, a brother of Aegeus • Daughter Scylla falls in love with Minos • Betrays Nisus by cutting off his protective purple lock of hair • The city falls, but Minos abandons her

  13. Theseus and Amphitritê

  14. Theseus and Amphitritê • Cannot take Athens • Zeus sent a plague and famine • Even four human sacrifices couldn’t deliver the Athenians • An oracle tells them to surrender

  15. Theseus and Amphitritê • Every 9 years (or every year), 7 girls and boys must be sent to Crete to be sacrificed to the Minotaur • Theseus, the son of Aegeus, the king of Athens, volunteers to go and face the Minotaur

  16. Theseus and Amphitritê • Theseus is also a son of Poseidon • Minos is on the ship and makes a pass at one of the girls, Eriboea • Theseus warns him off and claims that he is son of Poseidon, just as Minos is a son of Zeus

  17. Theseus and Amphitritê • Zeus sends thunderbolts to prove that Minos is his son • To test him, Minos throws a ring off the ship and orders him to get it • Theseus dives in but returns with a wreath given to him by Amphritritê, the wife of Poseidon

  18. Theseus and the Minotaur

  19. Theseus and the Minotaur • On Crete, Ariadne (daughter of Minos) falls in love with Theseus • She gives him the ball of thread on the suggestion of Daedalus, with which he returns from the labyrinth after killing the Minotaur

  20. Theseus and the Minotaur • But Theseus dumps Ariadne on Naxos, though she is rescued and married by Dionysus • Theseus also stops on Delos, Apollo’s sacred island, and dedicates a statue of Aphrodite • The youth dance the “crane dance” in celebration

  21. Daedalus and Icarus

  22. Daedalus and Icarus • Minos turns on Daedalus • He makes wings, bound with wax, and escapes with his son Icarus • Icarus flies too close to the sun and falls into the sea

  23. Death of Minos

  24. Death of Minos • Daedalus now flies to Sicily, to the court of Cocalus • Minos, looking for Daedalus everywhere, arrives in Sicily with a scheme to catch Daedalus: the shell • Daedalus is exposed, but the king’s daughters kill Minos in boiling water

  25. End

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