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How the visually impaired use computers

How the visually impaired use computers. Contents. Visual impairment ( c liff notes) How VI users interaction with computers Current problems & solutions Alternative solutions. Visual Impairment. Definition.

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How the visually impaired use computers

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  1. How the visually impaired use computers

  2. Contents • Visual impairment (cliff notes) • How VI users interaction with computers • Currentproblems& solutions • Alternative solutions

  3. Visual Impairment

  4. Definition A severe reduction in vision that cannot be corrected with standard glasses, contact lenses or surgery and reduces a person's ability to function at certain or all tasks. World Health Organization working definition [1] • Categories • Low vision • Legallyblind • Totallyblind

  5. Normal Severe Age-related Macular Degeneration (AMD) (8.7%) Cataract (47.9%) Glaucoma (12.3%)

  6. Prevalence • 285 million visually impaired worldwide • 246 million: low vision (63% over 50 years ) • 39 million: blind (82% over 50 years) • Elderly are the most affected • females are more at risk • 87% live in developing countries • 85% of visual impairment is avoidable • Includingcataract and Glaucoma

  7. How the vision impaired use computers literature review

  8. Visual Impairment & HCI • Aim • What is the current state-of-art of research in low-vision computer users and their interaction with computers • What interactive interventions and technologies have been investigated in this domain in terms of design and evaluation • Based on the findings, what are the promisingdirections in this research area

  9. Visual Impairment & HCI • Paper inclusion criteria: • Papers that deal with the nature of the diseases • Papers that deal with design and use (usability) of computerized technologies and accessibility software that low vision users use to improve their quality of life. • Empirical studies of low vision computerized technologies in the domain of HCI • Papers published between 1990 - 2010

  10. Visual Impairment & HCI 5. Keywords in tile or abstract • Age related macular degeneration / macular degeneration / AMD / AMRD • Blind • Cataracts • Central scotoma/ Scotoma • Corneal Opacity • Diabetic retinopathy • Glaucoma • Legal blindness / Legally blind • Low vision • Partial vision / Partial sight / Partially sighted • Reduced vision • Vision deficiency / Vision impairment / Vision loss • Visually disabled / Visual disabilities / Visual impairment / visually impaired

  11. Visual Impairment & HCI • 10 HCI Journals • Human Computer Interaction (6.190) • IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man and Cybernetics: B (3.007) • International Journal of Human-Computer Studies (2.380) • User Modeling and User Adapted Interaction (2.345) • IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man and Cybernetics: A (2.033) • IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man and Cybernetics: C (2.016) • Interacting with Computers (1.698) • ACM Transactions on Computer Human Interaction (1.194) • Behavior & Information Technology (0.767) • International Journal of Human Computer Interaction (0.587)

  12. Visual Impairment & HCI • Total results: 504 • 51 papers matched criteria (10.1% of results) • blind: 51% • cataract: 2% • glaucoma: 0% • macular degeneration: 6% • general: 41%

  13. Problems • GUI and Directmanipulation • Web • Accessibility and usability • Confustionpage layout • Inaccessibleimages • Conflictsbetweenaccessibilityapplications and software programs • Misleading info

  14. Command Line Interfaces • Text only interface that allows a user to interact with an OS or software by typing commands to perform specific tasks.   • Cursorpostion and displaycharactersweremapped to a screenbufferin memory IBM-DOS

  15. Hardware solutions • Hardware • Alternativekeyboards • CCTVs • Braildisplays • Tactiledisplays • Audio tapes Reading from CCTV Refreshable brail display

  16. Software solutions • Software • ScreenReader • Most popular because Brail literacty is low • ScreenMagnifier • Selfvoicingapplications Windows start menu viewedwithscreenmagnification

  17. Alternative solutions • Gazecontingentinterfaces • Crowdsourcing • Follow the path • Wizard of OZ • Shareddisplay

  18. ThankYou Questions Comments Suggestions

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