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Background Information on the Puritans

Background Information on the Puritans. Who were the Puritans?. From England Struggled for years to purify the Church of England. Influences. Martin Luther- (German Catholic priest and professor) believed men are inherently evil and essentially evil and God is all-powerful

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Background Information on the Puritans

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  1. Background Information on the Puritans

  2. Who were the Puritans? • From England • Struggled for years to purify the Church of England

  3. Influences • Martin Luther- (German Catholic priest and professor) believed men are inherently evil and essentially evil and God is all-powerful • Translated Bible from Greek to German • Believed salvation was a free gift brought through repentance- unmediated by church (no need for a priest)

  4. Influences John Calvin (French reformer)who believed in predestination- belief that your afterlife has already been determined before birth

  5. Who were the Puritans? • They settled in the North (Plymouth Colony) • Believed in original sin (total depravity), the consequence of sin, and that man sinning was inevitable because of Adam and Eve’s sin…..Basically man cannot help being wicked because of Adam’s fall from grace. • Believed that hard work (on earth) leads them to virtue in heaven • Feared the wrath of God and His divine providence in their lives, both physical and eternal

  6. Separatists • Wanted to break away from the church of England • Were also called Pilgrims • They settled in M.A. Bay Colony

  7. Why did the Puritans seek permanent settlement in the Colonies? • Many suffered from physical religious persecution • Physical mutilation- noses slit, ears cut, burnings • Thrown in jail

  8. Why did the Puritans seek permanent settlement in the Colonies? • Freedom to practice religion • Sought to simplify and purify the church • Model directly after God’s word • Create “New Eden” hence the “City Upon the Hill” – John Winthrop • No intermediary between the individual and God

  9. Characteristics of Puritan Literature • Diaries and histories were important because they were records of workings of God • Saw direct connections between Biblical events and their own lives

  10. Puritan Literature 1. Bay Psalm Book (1640) Best selling hymn book 2.Puritans were interested in education Founded Harvard (1636) Oldest university in U.S. 3. The New England Primer Religious spelling book

  11. The Bible was the most widely read book in the new world.

  12. New England Primer

  13. What is Puritan Plain Style? • Written in plain style- way of writing that emphasizes simple sentences, short words, direct statements, and the use of every day words and objects from common speech

  14. Two Basic Beliefs • Total Depravity- By virtue of the original sin of Adam, when one is born, one has no right to salvation • Unconditional Election- Some are chosen for salvation, some are not. There is nothing one can do to change his status

  15. The PlantersThey settled in the SouthThey had a large concern for nature/agricultureThey were concerned about societyThey were well-versed in classic literature, which led to the involvement in early government and politics

  16. Southern Planters • They did not, like the Puritans and Separatists, settle for religious reasons • They brought with them the Anglican church (Church of England) • They did concern themselves with formal codes of behavior “Southern Gentleman”/Chivalry • Interested in distractions/entertainment • 1st theater in Williamsburg, VA (1716) (the Puritans in the North thought theaters/ drama/fiction were sinful)

  17. Most Important Book for Southern Planters • History of the Dividing Line by William Byrd • Surveying book about aligning the border between North Carolina and Virginia; important for botany, zoology, and Native American customs.

  18. Puritan Lit. is…. • Simple • Spiritual • Straightforward

  19. Differing Literature • Native Americans- emphasis on nature • Puritans- emphasis on Purification, Plainness, and Divine Mission • Why? Because North was settled for religious reasons • Southern Literature- emphasis on nature, society, and entertainment • Why? Because these planters settled for growing tobacco—they were well-educated aristocrats who valued entertainments and the arts

  20. Puritan Influences in 2009 • The business drive of American society (comes from the Puritan Work Ethic) • Pursuit of liberty (Americans’ quest to ensure democracy and freedom) • Religious Zeal (we are free to worship or not worship in any way we choose because we have religious freedoms)

  21. Puritan Influences

  22. Colonial Writing • Sermons- speech given as instruction in religion or morals • Diary- day by day chronicle of events • Autobiography- story of a person’s life written by that person • Allegory- a story in which people, things, and happenings have hidden or symbolic meanings

  23. Continued • Almanac- a storehouse of useful, general information • Elegy- a sustained and formal poem setting forth the poet’s mediation on death or another solemn theme • Tract- a pamphlet; argumentative document on a religious or political topic • Devotional poem- poem characterized by brief worship • Apocalyptic Pronouncement-literature that predicts the end of the world (doomsday lit)

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