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A Comparative Analysis of American and China Coverage of Climate TALKS , 2007-12

A Comparative Analysis of American and China Coverage of Climate TALKS , 2007-12. Won JANG Univ . of Wisconsin at Eau Claire. I CARE. Edward Frederick Univ. of Wisconsin at Whitewater. Source: http://www.cop19.gov.pl/i-care. Research problem. Source: Google image.

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A Comparative Analysis of American and China Coverage of Climate TALKS , 2007-12

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  1. A Comparative Analysis of American and China Coverage of Climate TALKS, 2007-12 Won JANG Univ. of Wisconsin at Eau Claire I CARE Edward Frederick Univ. of Wisconsin at Whitewater Source: http://www.cop19.gov.pl/i-care

  2. Research problem Source: Google image

  3. Research problem (cont’d) • “common but differentiated responsibilities principle” victim and cause

  4. Research problem (cont’d) • How to bring China/India on board • Which countries should mitigate (funding mitigation) and how much should be mitigated

  5. Research objectives • This study presented descriptive analysis of climate talks coverage in the United States and China and compared how media framing has been used differently in their news stories from 2007-2012. Participatory environmentalism Authoritarian environmentalism

  6. Media Propaganda Model Dominant Ideology National Interest Journalistic Ideology Media Agenda: News Agencies Media Framing: "how to think about it" Public Agenda: “what to think about”

  7. 6 Research Questions • This study uses a quantitative content analysis in terms of the amount, key themes, source, news geography, and types (localized & mobilizing information) in the news of climate talks.

  8. mETHODs • Sample • UN Climate Talks (UNFCCC*: COP** 13-18) • Key words: climate change, global warming, or greenhouse, greenhouse gas (GHG), greenhouse effect, or “CO2” • 673 stories were analyzed: • Xinhua (N =424) and AP (249). *UN Framework Convention on Climate Change Treaty ** Conferences of the Parties/Meeting of Parties of the Kyoto Protocol (MOP)

  9. mETHOD • Measures • Frames/Themes (Brossard, Shanahan, & McComas, 2004) • absence (0) to outstanding focus (2) • Sources (Brossard, Shanahan, & McComas, 2004) • Localized & Mobilizing information (Cohen et al., 2008) • absent (0) or present (1) • News geography (Giffard & Leuven, 2008; de Beer & Merrill (2009))

  10. Results US/China clashed at Tianjin talks! IPCC report NCCP* in China Copenhagen Accord *National Climate Change Program in 2007

  11. Results R2: How is it covered in terms of climate change themes?

  12. Results R3: Are there differences with respect to information source use patterns on the issue of climate change?

  13. Results R4: Is there a difference with respect to how frequently climate change stories mention geographic regions?

  14. Results R5: Is there a difference with respect to how frequently climate change stories include localized information? • Climate change stories in the Xinhua (n=290, 68.4%) were more likely to include localized information than were stories in the AP (n=154, 61.8%). • But this difference was NOTsignificant.

  15. Results R6: Is there a difference with respect to how frequently climate change stories include personally mobilizing information? • Climate change stories in AP (n=35, 14.1%) were more likely to include personal behavior mobilization information than were stories in the Xinhua (n=51, 12.0%). • This difference was NOTsignificant.

  16. discussion • The story of the climate talks is told in different ways in different countries. • Media Propaganda Model • Differences found in the amount and nature of climate talks coverage, specifically themes, sources used, and news geographyfor readers (media agenda).

  17. Discussion • Integration of Environmentalism and Economics • Themes • Sources • Uncertainty and debate (controversy) in climate change coverage • Sources used • Themes (discussion of science)

  18. discussion • The geographic regions from which reports are filed can be an important factor in what perspectives are made part of public discourse. • Developed and Developing countries • Both agencies tailor climate talks stories to their audiences (e.g., Asian and American) and integrate information that is localized. • Limited number of personal behavior mobilization information • Both agencies do not facilitate citizen's political participation among the readers.

  19. Discussion • Limitations • The Online full-text database vs. Hard Copy • Content analysis • Future studies need to expand this work to investigate news framing in a cross-cultural and an international context in more detail using more aspects of content. • Future research could move forward to examining how media coverage of this controversial issue has influenced the publics’ perceptions of and support for policy.

  20. Implications/Future Studies Gilley (2012) • Public Policy Model + Public Opinion Research • authoritarian environmentalism (top-down policy): concentrates authority in a few executive agencies manned by capable and uncorrupt elites seeking to improve environmental outcomes. • participatory environmentalism: spreads authority across several levels and agencies of government, including representative legislatures, and that encourages direct public participation from a wide cross-section of society

  21. End

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