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Tongue Pressure Rise Slope Overlap Analysis in Various Swallowing Tasks

Forest plot illustrating mean and 95% confidence interval overlap for tongue-pressure rise slopes during different swallowing tasks, showing similarities and differences. Study compares tasks like liquid swallows and tongue resistance training.

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Tongue Pressure Rise Slope Overlap Analysis in Various Swallowing Tasks

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  1. Figure 2. Forest plot showing overlap in mean and 95% confidence interval for tongue-pressure rise slope, measured at anterior palate, during 11 dif-ferent tasks: discrete water swallow (DSW), discrete nectar-thick apple juice swallow (DSANEC), noneffortful saliva swallow (NESS), effortful saliva swallow (ESS), anterior-emphasis half-maximum tongue-palate press (AHMAX), AHMAX performed at slow rate (AHMAXSLOW), AHMAX performed at fast rate (AHMAXFAST), posterior-emphasis half-maximum tongue-palate press (PHMAX), PHMAX performed at slow rate (PHMAXSLOW), PHMAX per-formed at fast rate (PHMAXFAST), and posterior-emphasis maximum isometric tongue-palate press (PMAXTP). Dashed lines outline interval capturing rise-slope values for DSW and DSANEC. Tasks with mean and confidence interval boundaries falling outside these lines differ from these bolus swallowing tasks in rise slope. Steele CM, Bailey GL, Molfenter SM, Yeates EM, Grace- Martin K. Pressure profile similarities between tongue resistance training tasks and liquid swallows. J Rehabil Res Dev. 2010;47(7):651–60. DOI:10.1682/JRRD.2009.05.0068

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