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房颤合并心衰的非药物治疗

房颤合并心衰的非药物治疗. 北京大学第一医院 周菁. CRT+ 房室结消融. 心衰合并房颤的患者进行 CRT 治疗但 不 消融房室结,心功能亦显著改善,但改善程度不如窦律者. Rev Esp Cardiol. 2008;61(4):422-5. AVJ ablation. Effective pacing was defined by the presence of more than 90% fully paced beats with complete ventricular capture as confirmed in all 12 leads. algorithm

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房颤合并心衰的非药物治疗

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  1. 房颤合并心衰的非药物治疗 北京大学第一医院 周菁

  2. CRT+房室结消融 • 心衰合并房颤的患者进行CRT治疗但不消融房室结,心功能亦显著改善,但改善程度不如窦律者 Rev Esp Cardiol. 2008;61(4):422-5

  3. AVJ ablation • Effective pacing was defined by the presence of more than 90% fully paced beats with complete ventricular capture as confirmed in all 12 leads. • algorithm • Ventricular Sense Response™; • Conducted AF Response™; • Ventricular Rate Regularization™ • It is imperative that in AF patients who undergo CRT, close follow-up is necessary to ensure close to 100% BiV capture

  4. 交叉试验设计 59例患者随机分到3月右室起搏组和3月双室起搏组 试验结果 双室起搏比例≥85%的患者:减轻症状、提高活动耐量、改善生活质量,减少因心衰再住院率 未显示出CRT能改善患者预后 缺陷: 高退出率,仅有37例完成最后交叉研究 随访时间短,仅9-12月 Preserved AVJ+CRT MUSTIC AF 研究

  5. MILOS 研究 • CRT的长期疗效评价 673例HF患者 随访 25.2±18月

  6. MILOS 研究结果 This figure presents sequential changes of left ventricular ejection fraction (A), exercise capacity (functional capacity score) (B), and changes in left ventricular end-systolic volume (C) in patients with sinus rhythm (SR) and atrial fibrillation (AF) with and without atrioventricular junction (AVJ) ablation. Significance values within the single groups are given in Tables 2 and 4. Also included (D) below the legend are the total number of patients reaching the different follow-up visits and the number of deaths that occurred in the time interval since last follow-up.

  7. MILOS 研究结果 • 窦律组与房颤组患者远期生存率相近 (HR 0.90, P =0.64) Comparison of Kaplan–Meier estimates of overall (A), cardiac (B), and heart failure (C) survival between sinus rhythm and the global atrial fibrillation population. The P-values presented derive from the adjusted hazards ratio analysis stratified according to the correspondingcause of death.

  8. MILOS 研究结果 Comparison of Kaplan–Meier estimates of overall (A), cardiac (B), and heart failure (C) survival between atrial fibrillation patients who underwent atrio-ventricular junction ablation (AVJ-abl) and atrial fibrillation patients treated only with negative chronotropic drugs (AF-Drugs). The P-values presented derive from the adjusted hazards ratio analysis stratified according to the corresponding cause of death.

  9. PABA-CHF试验的缺陷 • 入选标准: • 药物治疗无效的症状性房颤 • LVEF≤ 40%, • NYHA II-III 级 • 病例数太少,PVI(26例), AVN 消融+BVP (25例) • 大部分为阵发性房颤(73%) • 观察时间6个月一级终点为软终点(LVEF,6分钟步行试验;生活质量评分) • PVI组,1例发生心包填塞,1例发生肺水肿,1例肺静脉狭窄 • CRT组,2例左室电极脱位,1例气胸 • 强调有经验的中心

  10. CRT后部分持续性房颤转复窦律 • CRT术后能减少Af甚至转复Af • 10﹪永久房颤心衰患者CRT房颤自动转复 • Delnoy PP,2007年:随访12月,25%(24/96) • Kies P,2006年,随访6 月,7% (5/74) • Hauck M,2009年,随访22月,17% (8/46) Am J Cardiol 2007;100(2):268 Eur Heart J 2010;31(8):976

  11. CRT治疗对于心衰患者房颤发病率的影响 CRT治疗不直接降低心衰患者的房颤发病率 但无论是否发生房颤,均可改善预后 Circulation. 2006;114:18-25

  12. CRT对阵发房颤心衰患者房颤负荷的影响 CRT治疗可显著降低阵发房颤的心衰患者的房颤负荷 Am J Cardiol 2007;100:268 –272

  13. CRT治疗逆转心房功能 CRT治疗可改善左右心房的泵功能 可使左心房逆重塑,缩小左心房内径 CRT治疗 3月后 J Am Coll Cardiol 2007;50:778–85

  14. 房颤消融存在的问题 • 射频消融术中、术后的影响 • 术中盐水灌注过多 • 术后心律失常 • 术后抗心律失常药的使用 • 复发的问题 • 房颤复发与LAD及LVEF有关 • 反复消融

  15. 房颤消融存在的问题 • 远期成功率低 • 国民接受程度差,大批有强适应症人群还没有接受PVI治疗 • PVI的技术要求非常高,很多中心难以逾越学习曲线(独立完成50例以上,CRT要求20例左右) • 风险获益比低,PVI累计(1.8次消融)费用高,相对风险大,一旦出现并发症多为致命性

  16. I I I IIa IIa IIa IIa IIb IIb IIb IIb III III III III I I I IIa IIa IIa IIa IIb IIb IIb IIb III III III III I I I IIa IIa IIa IIa IIb IIb IIb IIb III III III III A I I I IIa IIa IIa IIa IIb IIb IIb IIb III III III III I I I IIa IIa IIa IIa IIb IIb IIb IIb III III III III I I I IIa IIa IIa IIa IIb IIb IIb IIb III III III III B CRT-P/D用于严重收缩性心力衰竭心脏再同步治疗建议——2008ACC/AHA/HRS 有症状的NYHA心功能分级III-IV级的心衰患者,已经接受心衰基础药物治疗,LVEF ≤35%, QRS增宽≥120ms,窦性心律。(I,A) 有症状的NYHA心功能分级III-IV级的心衰患者,已经接受心衰基础药物治疗,LVEF≤35%, QRS增宽≥120ms,房颤律。(IIa,B)

  17. CRT-P/D用于心力衰竭的心脏再同步治疗建议——2007 ESC/EHRA • 有症状的NYHA心功能分级III-IV级的心衰患者,已经接受心衰基础药物治疗,LVEF≤35%,左心室扩大(左心室舒张末内径>55mm;左心室舒张末内径>30mm/m2,左心室舒张末内径>30mm/m[身高]),正常窦性心律并且QRS增宽(≥120ms)。 • 永久房颤的心衰患者的双心室起搏治疗建议: 有症状的NYHA心功能分级III-IV级的心衰患者,已经接受心衰基础药物治疗,LVEF≤35%,左心室扩大,永久房颤有房室结消融适应症。(IIa,C)

  18. 房颤合并心衰的导管消融目前指南仍为二线治疗房颤合并心衰的导管消融目前指南仍为二线治疗

  19. CRT ICD 抗心动过缓起搏 起搏预防 房颤导管消融 心衰死因与非药物治疗 心律失常 VT / VF /心动过缓 泵衰竭 房颤

  20. 推荐起搏理由 • 疗效肯定,证据充分,指南推荐 • 一石多鸟,标本兼治:直接针对心衰、抗心动过缓起搏、抗心动过速治疗、房颤预防

  21. 6、房颤合并心衰的非药物治疗策略选择 我们并不完全拒绝消融 先CRT必要时消融房室结,根据术后心功能、双室起搏比例再考虑消融房室结或房颤 年龄不大 无显著心脏扩大 心功能Ⅱ-Ⅲ级 QRS<120ms 房颤在先,心衰在后 技术条件非常成熟 年龄大 显著心脏扩大 心功能Ⅲ-Ⅳ级 QRS≥120ms 心衰在先,房颤在后 技术条件成熟 AF Ablation CRT

  22. Thank You !

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