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The Age of Enlightenment: Transforming Thought and Faith in 18th Century Europe

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The Enlightenment era, spanning the 1700s in Europe, marked a significant shift in thought as philosophers and scientists began to pursue knowledge through reason and science rather than solely relying on religious beliefs. This period witnessed rising hostility towards the Church and governmental structures, prompting demands for reform and greater rights for the lower and middle classes. Influential figures like St. Vincent de Paul and St. Julie Billiart emerged, emphasizing the dignity of all individuals and the importance of charity. The First Vatican Council addressed these changes, defining the Church’s role amidst modernity.

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The Age of Enlightenment: Transforming Thought and Faith in 18th Century Europe

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  1. In a Changing World Chapter 17

  2. Age of Enlightenment • The Enlightenment Era consumed the majority of the eighteenth century in Europe. (1700’s) • It was a time where many forward-thinking individuals, scientists, and philosophers sought to understand the world in a reasonable, logical, and scientific way instead of solely relying on religious belief. The secular view

  3. If something could not be explained by science or reason, then it was not a truth. • Science could answer all our questions • Hostility toward Church • Revolt against govt.

  4. Understanding creation invites us to deepen our admiration and appreciation for the greatness of the Creator

  5. St. Vincent de Paul • Served wealthy at first • Priest Peter de Berulle helped him to see what Christianity was all about • Worked 1 yr in poor village • Detachment from material goods was necessary to do God’s work

  6. Organized charitable groups to provide food and clothing. • Searched city for abandoned babies • Cared for galley slaves • Involved wealthy • Organized priests to go to preach in cities • Congregation of the mission – Vincentian Fathers • Helped: sick, aged, orphaned, mentally ill, imprisoned or enslaved

  7. Louise de Marillac • Helped St. Vincent • Founded Daughters of Charity

  8. All human life is sacred and all people must be treated with dignity. • Those who lead have the responsibility to help all people. • Christ is in those who are poor.

  9. Earthshaking Ideas • 18th century • World changing quickly • People questioned old ways of thinking • Worshiped human mind • Lower /middle classes looked for more say in govt and more wealth • Catholics could not practice faith openly

  10. French Revolution • Attacked both govt and Church • Monasteries, churches and mansions burned • Guillotine • Priests and religious • wealthy

  11. Finding Christ in the Poor • St. Julie Billiart • Founded community teaching poor children • Helped people get to mass • Mob wanted her burned alive, but she hid in a cart filled with straw • Women came to her for spiritual advise • Founded Sisters of Notre Dame • Cured of paralysis at 57

  12. The First Vatican Council • Rationalists – believe that we can solve all human problems scientifically • rejected existence of God • Atheists • Pope Pius IX issued a Syllabus of Errors condemning rationalism and other forms of modern thinking • Convened First Vatican Council • Church’s role in changing world • Approved infallibility of Pope

  13. Infallibility of Pope • Pope proclaims a teaching of faith or morals – teaching w/o error.

  14. 1961 Pope John XXIII convened the Second Vatican Council • Defined the role of the Church in the world • Both faith and science come from God

  15. Legitimate Authority • Fourth Commandment – Honor they father and they mother • We must respect legitimate authority • Responsible for protecting the rights of all people • Committed to the common good • Building a just and truthful society for human decency

  16. It is our obligation as followers of Jesus not to follow the orders of civil authorities when they are contrary to the Gospel.

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