Learn to change the world

1. Environmental impacts LO: to understand the environmental impacts of transporting products This is a ‘cartoon’ taken from the Economist. What’s the message? What underlying themes are there? Learn to change the world

2. Which modes of transport will be used along the supply chain route of the iPhone? Domestic transport of product Transport of raw materials Consumer travel to the shops International transport of cargo @bwhums #geog #yr10 Learn to change the world

3. Transportation is essential. But what are the impacts? Burns fossil fuels – increased emissions of nitrous oxide and CO2 – global warming Pollutants and particulates released increase air pollution – impacts on health Congestion – economic cost Destruction of greenfield sites - urban sprawl as roads built connecting cities Learn to change the world

4. Ships can be a collision hazard to marine mammals • Waste water from ship is discarded; this includes cleaning chemicals • Ballast water (used to stabilise the ship) contaminates ecosystems with non-native and exotic species Learn to change the world

5. So…how do we get these …to here? …from here… Learn to change the world

6. kgs of CO2 produced per km of travel Air – 0.8063 Truck – 0.1693 Sea – 0.0403 You’re going to use this information to suggest the best form of transport (and route) for the iPhone to get to the UK from its assembly point in Shenzen, China. Learn to change the world

7. A key geographical skill is to interpret and understand proportional symbol diagrams. You may need to create these in your CA next year This very simple proportional arrow diagram shows the (fictitious) exports of ‘Iron Bru’ from Glasgow to Germany, France and Morocco. The wider the arrow the higher the exports. Key 1mm = 500 crates Learn to change the world

8. There are three possible routes to take Calculate the CO2 emissions for each journey. Draw arrows for each leg of the journey – remember fatter arrows = more emissions Annotate around your map other impacts (e.g. possible congestion) • Route 1 • Guangdong, China to Valencia, Spain via Suez Canal – 15,595km • Valencia, Spain to Dover, England – 2149km • Route 2 • Guangdong, China to Anchorage, USA – 9,106km • Anchorage USA, to Newark, USA – 5,395km • Newark, USA to Dover, England – 6,033km • Route 3 • Guangdong, USA to Dover, England (direct) – 9,525km Air – 0.8063 Truck – 0.1693 Sea – 0.0403 Learn to change the world

9. Task Have a go at the following exam questions Describe the purpose of a proportional symbol diagram. [2 marks] With reference to a named product, describe the impacts of transporting it from the producer to consumer. [6 marks] Identify two features of the informal sector. [2 marks] Explain why TNCs choose to locate their factories in LEDCs. [4 marks] Learn to change the world

10. Self assessment Describe the purpose of a proportional symbol diagram. [2 marks] Scales symbols relative to data value at a location E.g. - The larger the value the larger the symbol E.g. – Proportional arrows also show the direction of the flow of something Learn to change the world

11. Self assessment With reference to a named product, describe the impacts of transporting it from the producer to consumer. [6 marks] Clear purposeful summary of the impacts, categorised into social, economic and environmental. Ideas may include – CO2 emissions result in pollution = health problems / enhanced greenhouse effect and global warming 3x L2 responses = 6 marks Learn to change the world

12. Self assessment Identify two features of the informal sector. [2 marks] Poor pay Unregulated income Often outdoors May be illegal Often employs young children 2x1 statement = 2 marks Learn to change the world

13. Self assessment Explain why TNCs choose to locate their factories in LEDCs. [4 marks] Clear purposeful summary of the reasons why TNCs locate in LEDCs. Response may relate to access to raw materials reduces transport costs TNCs can take advantage of cheaper labour, fewer environmental regulations or unregulated health and safety laws 3x L2 responses = 6 marks Learn to change the world