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Computer Guts and Operating Systems

Computer Guts and Operating Systems. CSCI 101 Week Two. Numbers. To computers, everything is a number . Since a computer is really just millions of tiny switches, all a computer understands is off and on, which we represent with 0s and 1s. Binary Numbers 00000001 = 1 00000010 = 2

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Computer Guts and Operating Systems

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  1. Computer Guts and Operating Systems CSCI 101 Week Two

  2. Numbers • To computers, everything is a number. • Since a computer is really just millions of tiny switches, all a computer understands is off and on, which we represent with 0s and 1s. • Binary Numbers 00000001 = 1 00000010 = 2 00000011 = 3 ... 10000001 = 65 ... 11111111 = 255

  3. Storage Amounts • Bit = 0 or 1 • Byte = 8 bits • Kilobyte (KB) = 210 bytes = about one thousand bytes • Megabyte (MB) = 220 bytes = about one million bytes • Gigabyte (GB) = 230 bytes = about one billion bytes • Terabyte (TB) = 240 bytes = about one trillion bytes

  4. Does it mean? • 1GB ≈ 250 songs • 1GB ≈ 250,000 typed pages • In 1995, 1GB cost $15,000 size 25 years ago and Today

  5. Key Components • CPU - central processing unit • the brains of the system • can only perform simple operations like add two numbers, or compare two numbers • Main Memory / RAM • holds all data and instructions for all the programs you are running • Input/Output Processors • they talk to the other parts such as the USB ports, the disk drive, etc. • Bus • the shared communication channel for all the components • Motherboard • holds the CPU and memory

  6. Internal Diagram Internal Memory / RAM (instructions and data) B U S CPU ROM Disk Drive IOP IOP IOP IOP USB Port

  7. Which is the best price for an external hard drive? • $100 for .5 TB • $120 for 512 GB • Which laptop should I buy? • Model A and B are the same processor and processor speed, but B has 4GB of RAM while A has 2GB of RAM. • model A for $750 • model B for $1000

  8. Misc Hardware Terms • Embedded Computer • Machine Types: • PC • Workstation • Server • Supercomputer • Cache Memory

  9. Operating Systems • Purpose = control the hardware • access to the CPU • internal memory management • file storage on disks • etc • Discussion: • Microsoft Windows vs Mac and Linux http://www.w3schools.com/browsers/browsers_os.asp

  10. Mobile Operating Systems • Discussion: • Android, Apple, RIM, Microsoft, Symbian http://www.emailtray.com/blog/smartphone-penetration-in-2012-us-market-share-operating-systems-and-user-behavior/

  11. Homework • Watch the entire Randy Pausch Time Management video found at • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oTugjssqOT0 • Write 2-3 pages on up to 3 things that you can start doing today, using technology, to improve your time management skills. • Email the paper to me at roudaj@winthrop.edu no later than the start of our next class.

  12. Next Class… • How the Internet Works • Who owns it? • How do you create a new domain name? • What is a "domain name"? • How does it work? • What can it do?

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