SAFETY AND FIRST AID

SAFETY AND FIRST AID WHAT TO DO?

ACCIDENT • I shouldn’t have been running! An unexpected event that can cause someone harm. CAUSES: Forgetting to follow safety rules. Being careless. Random.

WHAT IS THE MOST COMMON ACCIDENT FOR YOUNG PEOPLE?

FALLS! • Falls happen frequently because young people are very active. • Safe practices can help avoid falls. PREVENTION • Watch where you are going. • Be aware of your surroundings. • Do not run in halls at school.

PREVENTION CONTINUED 4. Take the stairs one at a time. • Wear shoes with rubber soles. • Be cautious around wet/slippery places. • Wipe up spills or notify someone of them. • Don’t overstretch to reach things in high places. • When playing outside watch the ground for hazards such as rocks or holes.

HAZARD OOPS! Something that can cause you harm. May be: Things in your environment , i.e. broken glass. 2. The result of other people’s actions, i.e. someone spilled something and didn’t clean it up.

TYPES OF INJURIES FROM FALLS BRUISES SCRAPES CUTS SPRAINS STRAINS BROKEN BONES

INJURIES REQUIRE FIRST AID AND SOMETIMES EMERGENCY SERVICES • FIRST AID IS THE FIRST AND IMMEDIATE TEMPORARY CARE FOR AN INJURED PERSON. • ACTUAL TREATMENT DEPENDS ON SEVERITY OF THE INJURY.

FIRST AID • Minor Cuts: clean with soap and water and apply a bandage. • Puncture wounds/Deep cuts: apply pressure to stop the bleeding then clean with soap and water and apply a bandage. Call the doctor to ask about a tetanus shot. (Tetanus is an infection caused by poisons made by bacteria that enter a puncture wound.)

FIRST AID CARE FOR BLODDY NOSES • Sit down • Lean forward • Apply pressure to nose for 5 minutes • Apply ice if it doesn’t stop in 5 minutes • If you can not get it to stop call MD or take to ER HEIMLICH MANEUVER * A procedure used to dislodge a foreign body clogging the wind pipe(trachea)

FIRST AID RESCUE BREATHING *Providing air for a person that is not breathing but their heart is still beating CPR CARDIOPULMONARY RESUSCITATION *A method of reviving a person who is not breathing and who does not have a pulse

FIRST AID RESCUE BREATHING AND CPR SHOULD ONLY BE DONE BY SOMEONE WHO IS TRAINED TO DO THEM

FIRST AID SPRAINS AND STRAINS and BROKEN BONES: R—Rest the injured body part I—Ice the injury C—Compression– apply pressure to the injury E--Elevate the injured body part– above heart level CALL 911 IN NEEDED • POISON: Do not induce vomiting. Call poison control and or 911. Save the container if possible.

FIRST AID • BEE STING-scrape the stinger out with a card edge or nail file, clean with soap and water, apply ice • SPIDER BITE-find the spider if possible, if it is a brown recluse or black widow or you aren’t sure call 911, for all other spider bites-clean area with soap and water, apply ice • BLISTER-clean with soap and water, cover with a clean bandage, do not break the blister • MINOR BURN OR SUNBURN-place a cold cloth over burn or run under cold water for 10 min., cover with bandage

FIRST AID • RASHES FROM PLANTS-run cold water over rash, use calamine lotion to stop the itch • HEAT STROKE-VICTIM HAS A VERY HIGH TEMPERATURE; HOT, RED SKIN; RAPID STRONG PULSE-reduce temperature with cool water or cold packs—do not over chill • HEAT EXHAUSTION-VICTIM HAS NORMAL TEMPERATURE, PALE CLAMMY SKIN, SWEATING, WEAKNESS, NAUSEA-help victim to lie down; apply cool, wet clothes-give sips of salt water for and hour(1tsp salt per glass)

FIRST AID • FROST BITE(ICE CRYSTALS IN THE SKIN TISSUE)-VICTIM HAS FLUSHED SKIN TURNING WHITE OR YELLOWISH-wrap him/her up in blankets, immerse chilled tissue in luke warm water, give warm, nonalcoholic drinks • COLD EXPOSURE(EXCESSIVE LOSS OF BODY HEAT)-VICTIM HAS SHIVERING, NUMBNESS, DROWSINESS-wrap him/her up in blankets, give hot non-alcoholic drinks ALWAYS SEEK MEDICAL HELP AFTER ADMINISTERING FIRST AID *FRACTURE-DON’T MOVE THE INJURED BODY PART, PUT ICE ON IT, CALL 911

EMERGENCY Any situation that calls for help right away. Examples: Fire or Car Accident

EMERGENCY STAY CALM CALL 911----STAY ON THE LINE DO NOT DO ANYTHING YOU ARE NOT TRAINED TO DO

FIRST AID AND EMERGENCIES ALWAYS PROTECT YOURSELF IN EMERGENCIES AND WHEN PROVIDING FIRST AID Universal Precautions– steps taken to avoid contact with pathogens that are possible in body fluids *Wear gloves *Wash your hands with soap and water *Don’t eat or drink when giving first aid *Don’t touch your mouth or nose when giving first aid

SAFETY AND FIRST AID