7.2 - Nationalism at Center Stage

1. Main Idea • Essential Question 7.2 - Nationalism at Center Stage • How did Nationalism impact important decisions in America during Monroe’s Presidency?

2. Objectives

3. Supreme Court Boosts National Power • The advent of the steamboat linked the economy of the North and the South with a fast traveling, heavy cargo carrying vessel • Marshall Court - • Gibbons v. Ogden – • Disputes broke out between New York and New Jersey regarding taxing interstate waterways • Both sides claim that they had exclusive access to the Hudson were rebuked, showing how the federal government sought to protect its own interests at the expense of state or local interests

4. Supreme Court Boosts National Power • Federal Government begins of policy of favoring competition over monopolies • Monopoly – • Maryland imposed tax on withdrawing money from banks not chartered in Maryland, including 2nd Bank of US. • McCulloch v. Maryland – • Necessary and Proper Clause –

5. Steam Boats Baby In what ways does the Supreme Court increase Federal power?

6. Nationalism Shapes Foreign Policy • James Monroe – • Nationalism – • Nationalism briefly outweighs sectionalism post 1812 • Era of Good Feelings (1817-1823) – • Era ends with bitter election of 1824

7. Establishing US Borders • John Quincy Adams – • Convention of 1818 - Peacefully extends US borders to Rocky Mountains. Britain and US agree to jointly share Oregon • Rush-Bagot Treaty – • Spanish unable to preventpirates, smugglers and hostile Natives in Florida. Chaos bled into Southern border of US, forcing Andrew Jackson to lead a military campaign to crush the Seminole Natives. Sale of Florida follows • Adams-Onis Treaty –

8. The Monroe Doctrine • Latin American countries use the distraction of the Napoleonic Wars to declare independence. • Mexican War of Independence – • Spain and Portugal want to regain Latin America, Russia’s Alaskan colony expands South to California, threatening to cut off trade to Asia. US felt boxed in. • Monroe Doctrine – • Adams convinces Monroe not to enter a joint declaration with Britain, who opposed Spanish reconquest of Latin America) stressing need for an “America first” policy

9. Why did the US issue Monroe Doctrine?

10. Nationalism Pushes America West • Many settlers pushed west into uncharted territory due to economic promise of cheap land and fertile soil • Some chose to move in order to avoid debt or the law. Others were interested that social rank and occupation could be changed more easily on the frontier • Illinoisbecomes the 11th free state, Alabama the 11th slave state. Panic erupts in Congress when Missouri petitions to be admitted as a slave state, which would throw off the balance • Henry Clay – • The Missouri Compromise – • Maine is admitted as a free state simultaneously with Missouri as a slave state • Agreement temporarily calms growing concerns of an inevitable civil war

11. Missouri Compromise

12. Influence of Nationalism