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Overview of Mesopotamian Civilization: Geography, Society, and Culture

This chapter explores Mesopotamia, located between the Tigris and Euphrates Rivers, often referred to as the Fertile Crescent, an arc of land extending from the Mediterranean Sea to the Persian Gulf. It introduces the Sumerians, the first civilization in the region, their polytheistic beliefs, city-states like Uruk, and the significance of ziggurats as temples. Keywords like theocracy, cuneiform writing, and the epic of Gilgamesh highlight their cultural achievements. The chapter also discusses key figures like Sargon and Hammurabi, emphasizing the patriarchal nature of their society.

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Overview of Mesopotamian Civilization: Geography, Society, and Culture

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  1. Chapter 2.1 Dexter Breunig

  2. Mesopotamia Mesopotamia is the land between the Tigris and Euphrates Rivers.

  3. Fertile Crescent • Fertile Crescent is an arc of land from the Mediterranean sea to the Persian gulf.

  4. Sumerians • The creators of the first Mesopotamian civilization.

  5. Polytheistic • To have beliefs in many gods.

  6. City-states • The basic units of Sumerian civilization

  7. Uruk • The country gained control of the countryside

  8. Ziggurat • A temple built atop a massive stepped tower.

  9. Theocracy • A government by divine authority

  10. Cuneiform • A system of writing

  11. Gilgemesh • An epic poem that records the exploits of a legendary king named Gilgamesh.

  12. Scribe Boys that are copyists, teachers, and jurists.

  13. Akkadians They spoke a Semitic language.

  14. Sargon • Leader of the Akkadians

  15. Empire • A large political unit or state.

  16. Babylon A city-state south of Akkad.

  17. Hammurbi • King of Summer and Akkad.

  18. Patriarchal men dominated the society.

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