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Gerfried Jungmeier

System Analyses of Forestry, Forest Products and Recovered Wood – Activities and Results from COST Action E9 and E31. Gerfried Jungmeier International Conference ” Efficient Use of Biomass for Greenhouse Gas Mitigation“ Östersund, Sweden, September 30 – October 1, 2003. Scope&Goal.

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Gerfried Jungmeier

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  1. System Analyses of Forestry, Forest Products and Recovered Wood – Activities and Results from COST Action E9 and E31 Gerfried Jungmeier International Conference ”Efficient Use of Biomass for Greenhouse Gas Mitigation“ Östersund, Sweden, September 30 – October 1, 2003

  2. Scope&Goal Recovered Wood Allocation Energy Aspects in LCA Waste Treatment Option Overview Outlook Activities in COST Action E31 Results of COST Action E9 Introduction

  3. COST Action E9 and E31 • What is COST? • European Co-operation in the field of Science and Technical Research • Support from European Commission • Networking activity • COST Action E9 „Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) of Forestry and Forest Products“ (1997 – 2001, 4 Working Groups) • Production: energy, carbon, and other material cycle • Land use • End of life: recycling, disposal and energy production • Methodology • COST Action E31 „Management of Recovered Wood“ (2002 – 2006; 2 Working Groups) • European Management of Recovered Wood • Treatment Option for Recovered Wood

  4. production use end of life LCA-Wood Product: Example Newspaper forestry harvesting transport pulp& paper production consumer combustion

  5. construction operation dismantling forestry harvesting transport combustion fuel preparation electricity LCA-Bioenergy: Example Electricity

  6. construction production operation use dismantling end of life Linkage: LCA-Wood Productsand LCA-Bioenergy biomass production system boundary energetic use of wood material use of wood recycled biomass internal biomass internal energy wood product energy

  7. Results of COST Action E9 Allocation in LCA for forest products Guidelines, recommendations and conclusions Energy aspects in LCA for forest products Waste management options for wooden products

  8. Forestry Consumption wood products paper particle boards heat& electricity

  9. Forestry Consumption tops&branches fibre wood round wood bark, saw dust, side-cuts, wood chips wood chips, saw-dust Sawmill timber saw dust, shavings Wood industry bark, black liqueur, sludge P&P industry wood waste Part. board industry wood products paper particle boards heat& electricity

  10. Forestry Consumption tops&branches fibre wood round wood bark, saw dust, side-cuts, wood chips wood chips, saw-dust Sawmill internal heat& electricity timber saw dust, shavings Wood industry bark, black liqueur, sludge P&P industry wood waste Part. board industry wood products paper particle boards Landfill CHP plant heat& electricity

  11. Forestry Consumption tops&branches fibre wood round wood bark, saw dust, side-cuts, wood chips wood chips, saw-dust Sawmill internal heat& electricity timber saw dust, shavings Wood industry bark, black liqueur, sludge P&P industry wood waste Part. board industry wood products paper particle boards landfill gas Landfill CHP plant heat& electricity solid&fibre wood fibres, saw dust, shavings, wood chips Recycling of wood wood fibre wood based board waste Recycling of part. boards paper fibre paper waste Recycling of paper

  12. LCA bio- energy LCA conventional energy + + & energy Avoid Allocation by Combining LCA Wood Products and LCA Bioenergy LCA wood- product LCA non-wooden product = product

  13. LCA bio- energy + LCA conventional energy - product Describe criteria for the substitution of energy! In LCA of Wood Products Substitute Bioenergy LCA wood- product LCA non-wooden product =

  14. Criteria for Energy Substitution Socio-economic and other factors Costs Kind of fossil fuel substituted Kind of energy output Substitution of fossil energy State of technology Quality of energy output Energy supply/demand characteristics substitution rate < 100%

  15. Aspects ofEnergy Generation in LCA technology external costs internal costs substitution of conventionell energy nutrient recycling logistics ash treatment comparison other biomasse use legislation fuel handling carbon balance energy balance auxiliary energy

  16. Energy Balance of LCA Bioenergy- District Heat 1.37 0.04 0.14 0.03 0.34 0.21 0.004 collection chipping storage transport heating plant distribution 1.37 1.35 1.49 1.48 1.18 1 0.03 0.004 0.02 0.02 0.04 Energy losses All units in kWh Auxiliary energy: fuel Energy in biomass

  17. Cumulated Primary Energy Demand LCA of Bioenergy for District Heat

  18. Cumulated Primary Energy Need in LCA of Wooden Product - Newspaper electricity need: Sweden/fresh fibres 3.4 MWh/t, Germany/recycled fibres 0.95 MWh/t

  19. Atmosphere +280 kg C (1,025 kg CO2) Lithosphere -280 kg C (with landfill + 220 kg C) Carbon Balance of LCA Wooden Product - Plywood 500 1,550 combustion 50 6 (22) 500 260 (952) 4 (14.5) 10 (36.5) 500 harvesting transport fabrication use end of life cultivation 500 plywood 500 1,050 1,000 1,550 landfill 500 6 4 10 260 Fossil carbon flow in auxiliary energy: kg C (kg CO2) Biomass carbon flow: kg C

  20. Waste Wood Treatment Options: waste wood, waste paper or waste particle boards landfill recycling energy generation

  21. fibres energy Waste Wood Treatment Options: Input Related Comparison waste wood, waste paper or waste particle boards impacts energy generation impacts landfill impacts recycling landfill recycling energy generation

  22. fibres energy In- and Output Related Comparison waste wood, waste particle boards, waste paper energy generation recycling landfill

  23. fibres energy In- and Output Related Comparison waste wood, waste particle boards, waste paper other resources impacts landfill system 1: landfill energy generation acquisition fresh fibres energy generation recycling landfill

  24. fibres energy In- and Output Related Comparison waste wood, waste particle boards, waste paper impacts energy generation other resources impacts landfill impacts recycling system 1: landfill system 2: recycling system 3: energy generation energy generation acquisition fresh fibres energy generation energy generation acquisition fresh fibres recycling landfill

  25. Paper Recycling Versus Energy Generation - Austria

  26. Energy Generation Versus Landfill and Recycling of Waste Wood

  27. What is „Recovered Wood“ in COST Action E31? • Recovered wood includes all kinds of wooden material that is available at the end of its use as a wooden product (“post-consumer” or “post-use” wood). • Recovered wood mainly comprises • packaging materials, • demolition wood, • timber from building sites and • fractions of used wood from residential, industrial & commercial activities. • Therefore not in the scope of COST E31are • forestry residues (tops, thinnings and branches) from forest operations and • black liqueur from pulp production.

  28. Main focus of COST Action E31 Wood processing side Wood utilisation side - saw mill - wood manufacturing industry - particle board industry - construction and demolition activities - residential and commercial sectors - packaging collection Origins of „Recovered Wood“

  29. Analysis of management approaches for recovered wood in European countries Improvement of databases on technical, economical, ecological and statistical information Examine potentials of recovered wood as • secondary raw materials • energy sources Identify promising approaches for implementation of advanced systems for the management of recovered wood Objectives COST Action E31 „Management of Recovered Wood“

  30. The Working Triangle Multi-disciplinary Seminars, Workshops and Conferences Workgroup 1 „European Management of Recovered Wood“ Workgroup 2 „Treatment Options for Recovered Wood“

  31. Countries Participating in COST Action E31 http://www.ctib-tchn.be/coste31 16 Countries signed Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) 3 Countries interested

  32. Expand the relevant data base Provide strategic information for stakeholders Bring together a multi-disciplinary and multi-cultural ‘team’ Establish a European forum for the management of recovered wood Give an overview of the different management options for recovered wood Benefits of COST Action E31

  33. Motto of COST Action E31 „Management of Recovered Wood“ „Improvement of the management of recovered wood towards a higher common technical, economic and environmental standard“ Source: Memorandum of Understanding from COST Action E31

  34. Outlook http://www.ctib-tchn.be/coste31

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