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Chapter 4. Carbon and the Molecular Diversity of Life. Organic Chemistry. Carbon based Why carbon? Forms 4 bonds Tetrahedryl http://www.mikeblaber.org/oldwine/chm1045/notes/Geometry/Hybrid/Geom05.htm Forms long chains Chemical evolution Structural formula Hydrocarbons.
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Chapter 4 Carbon and the Molecular Diversity of Life
Organic Chemistry • Carbon based • Why carbon? • Forms 4 bonds • Tetrahedryl • http://www.mikeblaber.org/oldwine/chm1045/notes/Geometry/Hybrid/Geom05.htm • Forms long chains • Chemical evolution • Structural formula • Hydrocarbons
Organic Compounds • Carbon Backbone • Functional groups • Isomers • Structural • Geometric • Enantiomers
Structural (Conformational)Isomer • Carbon backbone rearranged • Properties vary • Structural formula needed
Geometric Isomer • Arrangement around a double bond • Cis • Trans
Enantiomer • Sterioisomer • Mirror image • Chiral carbon • R (D) • S (L) • Biologically distinguishable • Albuterol (R) • Ibuprophen (S) • Thalidomide (R)
Functional Groups • Hydroxyl • Carbonyl • Ketone • Aldehyde • Carboxyl • acidic
Functional Groups • Amino • Sulfhydryl • Phosphate • Methyl
Functional groups • Estradiol • Testosterone
Functional Groups • ATP • Phosphates • Energy currency