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D E co D in gE ur As i AnN o ma dic Net Wo RK s:

D E co D in gE ur As i AnN o ma dic Net Wo RK s: An Integration of social and scientific approaches. Michael D Frachetti Department of Anthropology WashingtonUniversity inStLouis. The subject object of Anthropological Research…. Russia. Eurasian Steppe. Kazakhstan. Uzbekistan.

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D E co D in gE ur As i AnN o ma dic Net Wo RK s:

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  1. DEcoDingEurAsiAnNomadicNetWoRKs: An Integration of social and scientific approaches MichaelDFrachettiDepartmentofAnthropologyWashingtonUniversityinStLouis

  2. The subject object of Anthropological Research…

  3. Russia Eurasian Steppe Kazakhstan Uzbekistan Kyrgyzstan Study Zone: Koksu r. valley & The Dzhungar Mts. Turkmenistan (Base map produced by the Center for Earth Observation, Yale) Eurasian Steppe Zone

  4. The Nomadic Paradigm Tuareg nomad – North Africa Decoding Eurasian Nomadic Networks – Research Day, Washington U. 01/10/07 Michael D. Frachetti What shapes the lives and interactions of nomads? Decoding Eurasian Nomadic Networks – Research Day, Washington U. 01/10/07

  5. The Marginal Nomad Afghani Nomads Decoding Eurasian Nomadic Networks – Research Day, Washington U. 01/10/07 Michael D. Frachetti

  6. Impact of Nomads Decoding Eurasian Nomadic Networks – Research Day, Washington U. 01/10/07 Michael D. Frachetti How are nomadic patterns central to human civilizations? Kazakh Nomadic Camp (Xinjiang) Kazakh Herdsman, Koksu Valley

  7. Presentation Outline Decoding Eurasian Nomadic Networks – Research Day, Washington U. 01/10/07 Michael D. Frachetti The archaeology of nomadic networks • A bit about Nomads and Networks… • Research Model • Archaeo-ecological Survey • Archaeological Excavations • Material Analysis, GIS modeling • Understanding the shape and broader impact of Nomadic Networks

  8. Nomads and Networks Decoding Eurasian Nomadic Networks – Research Day, Washington U. 01/10/07 Michael D. Frachetti Routes of the Silk Road 13th c. Silk Road Caravanserai Kyrgyzstan (photo MDF)

  9. Nomads and Networks Decoding Eurasian Nomadic Networks – Research Day, Washington U. 01/10/07 Michael D. Frachetti The shape and function of various networks Network Geography of the World Wide Web Network Model for Nomadic interaction • Nomads use strategic mobility to gain resource diversity, avoid risk… • Nomads do not roam aimlessly – their territories are defined by significant locales that act as centers for redistribution, information exchange, and social interaction… • The impact of one interaction has intended and unintended “ripple” effects throughout the network… bringing about social and cultural change. Human Neural network Decoding Eurasian Nomadic Networks – Research Day, Washington U. 01/10/07

  10. Nomads and Networks Decoding Eurasian Nomadic Networks – Research Day, Washington U. 01/10/07 Michael D. Frachetti Decoding Eurasian Nomadic Networks – Research Day, Washington U. 01/10/07

  11. Research Decoding Eurasian Nomadic Networks – Research Day, Washington U. 01/10/07 Michael D. Frachetti Archaeological Survey Can you see the nomadic network? The Dzhungar Mountains (eastern Kazakhstan) Michael D. Frachetti

  12. Research Model Decoding Eurasian Nomadic Networks – Research Day, Washington U. 01/10/07 Michael D. Frachetti The Dzhungar Mountains Archaeology Project Eastern Kazakhstan Kazakh/American team Semirech’ye Region The DMAP is funded by the National Science Foundation Addition support has been provided by the George F. Dales Foundation, and the Mary Stein Foundation

  13. Research Model Decoding Eurasian Nomadic Networks – Research Day, Washington U. 01/10/07 Michael D. Frachetti An Integrated Archaeological Methodology Digital Model of the Dzhungar Mountains Archaeological Survey *Mountain & desert landscapes GIS modeling *Environmental reconst. *Modeling pastoral econ. *Remote Sensing Excavation *settlement *burials Analysis *paleo-botany *archaeo-fauna *geo-arch’ *physical anthro Begash settlement excavations

  14. Ethnographic Studies Research Model Decoding Eurasian Nomadic Networks – Research Day, Washington U. 01/10/07 Michael D. Frachetti

  15. Research Model Decoding Eurasian Nomadic Networks – Research Day, Washington U. 01/10/07 Michael D. Frachetti Today’s Social Interactions

  16. Ecology & Environment September December Decoding Eurasian Nomadic Networks – Research Day, Washington U. 01/10/07 Michael D. Frachetti Pasture quality: Altitude and Seasonality July Lowland zone <25% Seasonal Pasture Dynamics in the Koksu Valley & Dzhungar Mts *Red & green indicate high yield grass Upland Pastures >75%

  17. Archaeological Survey Possible Analogy? Decoding Eurasian Nomadic Networks – Research Day, Washington U. 01/10/07 Michael D. Frachetti Nomadic Settlements Settlement Reconstruction at Begash

  18. Pattern of Seasonal Mobility & Nodes of Social Interaction Nomadic Networks Begash Decoding Eurasian Nomadic Networks – Research Day, Washington U. 01/10/07 Michael D. Frachetti ~4500m Rich Pastures 1500-2500m Koksu River Lowlands < 800m Computer Generated View of the Koksu Valley

  19. Prehistoric Settlement at Begash (2500BC) Archaeological Excavation 2005 2006 2002 Decoding Eurasian Nomadic Networks – Research Day, Washington U. 01/10/07 Michael D. Frachetti

  20. Archaeological Excavation Decoding Eurasian Nomadic Networks – Research Day, Washington U. 01/10/07 Michael D. Frachetti From the chronology, materials, and architecture we know the site was used used seasonally and reflects long-term local continuity in the nomadic populations who controlled the area.

  21. Domestic artifacts and economy at Begash Material Analysis Archaeofauna (NISP) Cattle ~32% Sheep/Goat ~63% Horse ~5% Decoding Eurasian Nomadic Networks – Research Day, Washington U. 01/10/07 Michael D. Frachetti ** No botanical evidence for agriculture Coarseware Ceramic Vessels Grinding Stones, Pestles, Stone tools Spindle Whorls

  22. Local and Non-local materials Material Analysis Decoding Eurasian Nomadic Networks – Research Day, Washington U. 01/10/07 Michael D. Frachetti

  23. Material Analysis Begash Typological provenience of materials excavated at Begash (based on closest analogue) Decoding Eurasian Nomadic Networks – Research Day, Washington U. 01/10/07 Michael D. Frachetti

  24. Archaeological Excavation Decoding Eurasian Nomadic Networks – Research Day, Washington U. 01/10/07 Michael D. Frachetti Grave robbers at 700 BC! Dr. Marc Meyer (UPenn) excavating the row of metacarpals, meta-tarsals, and kneecaps – neatly lined up …?

  25. Saka (re) Burial (c. 700 BCE) Archaeological Excavation Decoding Eurasian Nomadic Networks – Research Day, Washington U. 01/10/07 Michael D. Frachetti Gold Hair Cinch

  26. Nomadic Networks ~20km 0 Decoding Eurasian Nomadic Networks – Research Day, Washington U. 01/10/07 Michael D. Frachetti Summer Pastures Interaction Node (e.g. Begash) Node Kosku River Valley Node

  27. Thank You Interested in contributing support to this research? Please contact: Dr. Michael Frachetti, frachetti@wustl.edu Or visit www.saie.wustl.edu for project updates • Support provided by: • National Science Foundation • George Dales Foundation • Mary Stein Foundation

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