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Assessment of Water Quality from Upper Olifants, Wilge, and Klipspruit Catchments

This study focuses on water quality assessment, discharge measurements, algal and sediment sampling, toxicity bioassays, metal speciation, and ecological health in the Olifants River from the upper Olifants, Wilge, and Klipspruit catchments.

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Assessment of Water Quality from Upper Olifants, Wilge, and Klipspruit Catchments

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  1. Assessment of water quality originating from the upper Olifants, Wilge and Klipspruitcatchments. J.M. Dabrowski, J. Dabrowski, P. MacMillan and L. Hill

  2. Study Area

  3. Study Approach • Field Sampling • Water quality sampling • Discharge measurements • Algal and sediment sampling • SASS sampling • Toxicity bioassays • Data analysis • Dissolved vs suspended (colloidal) • Speciation of metals • Calculation of loads (Olifants, Klipspruit and Wilge) • Bioaccumulation by algae • Ecological health (macroinvertebrate indices) • Outcomes • Fate, transport, speciation of metals in Olifants River • Relative contribution of metals to Loskop Dam from upper Olifants, Klipspruit and Wilge catchments

  4. General Water Quality

  5. Aluminium - Al

  6. Iron - Fe

  7. Manganese - Mn

  8. Zinc - Zn

  9. Metals in Algae

  10. Toxicity – Daphnia magna

  11. SASS

  12. Conclusions • Klipspruit River contributes up to 100 times more loads of dissolved metals in comparison to entire upper Olifants and Wilge catchments. • The Klipspruit River results in a deterioration of water quality and ecosystem health in the Olifants River. • Dissolved metal loads decrease longitudinally indicating precipitation and incorporation into bed sediment. • Toxicity detected at OL1 indicates the presence of a contaminant that may not have been measured. • The Wilge River bares low loads of metals and significantly improves water quality and associated ecosystem health in the Olifants River. (jdabrowski@csir.co.za)

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