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Synthetic Fibres & Plastics . Synthetic Fibres.
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Synthetic Fibres Synthetic fibres are the result of extensive research by scientists to improve on naturally occurring animal and plant fibres. In general, synthetic fibres are created by forcing, usually through extrusion, fibre forming materials through holes (called spinnerets) into the air, forming a thread.
Nylon (Monomer- Hexamethylene) Nylon is a generic designation for a family of synthetic polymers known generically as polyamides, first produced on February 28, 1935, by Wallace Carothers.
Polyester (Monomer- Ester) Polyester is a category of polymers which contain the ester functional group in their main chain. Although there are many polyesters, the term "polyester" as a specific material most commonly refers to polyethylene terephthalate (PET).
Rayon (Monomer-Cellulose) Rayon is a manufactured regenerated cellulose fibre. Because it is produced from naturally occurring polymers, it is neither a truly synthetic fibre nor a natural fibre; it is a semi-synthetic
Acrylic (Monomer- Polyacrylonitrile) Acrylic fibers are synthetic fibers made from a polymer (polyacrylonitrile) with an average molecular weight of ~100,000, about 1900 monomer units
Disadvantages of Synthetics • Synthetic fibers melt before burning • Some electrical charge accumulates on the synthetic fibers. The electrical charge causes irritation of the skin. • Extremely hazardous to the environment. • Can make you overheat • Can make you cold when wet
Advantages of Synthetics • Synthetic fibers do not depend either on an agricultural crop or on animal farming. • They are generally cheaper than natural fibre. • Synthetic fibers possess unique characteristics which make them popular dress material. • They dry up quickly, are durable, readily available and easy to maintain.
Plastics A plastic material is any of a wide range of synthetic or semi-synthetic organic solids that are mouldable. Plastics are typically organic polymers of high molecular mass, but they often contain other substances. They are usually synthetic, most commonly derived from petrochemicals, but many are partially natural.
Thermoplastics A Thermoplastic, also known as a thermosoftening plastic, is a polymer that becomes pliable or moldable above a specific temperature, and returns to a solid state upon cooling
Thermosetting Plastics A thermosetting plastic, also known as a thermoset, is polymer material that irreversibly cures. The cure may be done through heat (generally above 200 °C (392 °F)), through a chemical reaction (two-part epoxy, for example), or irradiation such as electron beam processing.
Be Alert…Melamine Cancer If you eat in a Melamine Plate, you may become a victim of Melamine Cancer. Melamine is a thermosetting plastic and is non-biodegradable. While eating when we scratch the plate with the spoon, the melamine coating also goes into our body which may cause Cancer. Check under your plates whether Melamine made is written or not. Use Bone China, Glass or Steel Plates instead
Plastic….Harm to Environment Plastics have transformed modern society, providing attractive benefits but also befouling waterways and aquifers, depleting petroleum supplies and disrupting human health.
The 3 R’s Reducing the amount of waste you produce is the best way to help the environment. Instead of throwing things away, try to find ways to use them again! Many of the things we use every day, like paper bags, soda cans, and milk cartons, are made out of materials that can be recycled.
