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Understanding Electrical Potential Energy and Electric Field Lines

This educational resource provides a comprehensive overview of electrical potential energy and electric field lines. It covers essential definitions, calculations of electrical potential energy, and the behavior of charges in uniform electric fields. Students will delve into the similarities between electrical potential energy and gravitational potential energy, and learn to visualize electric fields through field lines. The material encourages inquiry with warm-up questions, objectives, and homework assignments designed to solidify understanding. Engaging demonstrations and examples foster a deeper insight into electrical phenomena.

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Understanding Electrical Potential Energy and Electric Field Lines

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  1. 18.1 Electrical Potential Energy pp. 666 - 669 Mr. Richter

  2. Agenda • Warm-Up • Additional Homework • Electric Field Lines (17.3) • Notes: • Electrical Potential Energy • Calculating Electrical Potential Energy • In Uniform Electric Fields • From a Single Charge

  3. Objectives: We Will Be Able To… • Define electrical potential energy. • Calculate electrical potential energy.

  4. Warm-Up: • A positive and a negative charge are separated from each other and held apart. How is this similar to a stretched rubber band?

  5. Electric Field Lines

  6. Electric Field Lines • To visualize the electric field, electric field lines are drawn. • Rules: • Lines are drawn from positive charge to negative. • Number of lines drawn in proportional to strength of charge. • Lines do not cross.

  7. Electric Field Lines • Electric field lines show the combinations of electric fields from more than one charge. • Opposite, equal charges.

  8. Electric Field Lines • Electric field lines show the combinations of electric fields from more than one charge. • Like, equal charges.

  9. Electric Field Lines • Electric field lines show the combinations of electric fields from more than one charge. • Opposite, unequal charges.

  10. Electrical Potential Energy

  11. Electrical Potential Energy • An object some distance above the ground wants to fall. It has gravitational potential energy. • If a charge experiences a force (attraction or repulsion), it similarly wants to move. • Electrical potential energy (PEelectric)) is the energy stored in an object due to its position relative to a source of electric force.

  12. Electrical Potential Energy: Uniform Electric Field

  13. Electrical Potential Energy: Uniform Electric Field • A uniform electric field exists when all charges experience the same force (magnitude and direction) in the field. • A charge’s potential energy in the field depends on its distance from the source of electric force. • Just like the gravitational potential energy of an object depends on its distance above the ground.

  14. Electrical Potential Energy: Uniform Electric Field • Just like with other forms of potential energy, it’s really the change in position that is important. • Remember: • Energy = Work = Force x displacement

  15. Electrical Potential Energy: A Pair of Charges

  16. Electrical Potential Energy: A Pair of Charges • A single charge can also give potential energy to another charge. • Again: Work = Force x Distance

  17. Wrap-Up: Did we meet our objectives? • Calculate electric force using Coulomb’s law. • Calculate electric field strength. • Draw and interpret electric field lines. • Define electrical potential energy. • Calculate electrical potential energy.

  18. Homework • All due tomorrow! • p. 636 #3, 4 • p. 656 #41, 42 • p. 657 #55 • p. 669 Practice #2, 4 • p. 669 Section Review #5, 6

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